This paper details the design, validation and verification of two implicit modelling techniques used to model an Air-Cooled Condenser (ACC) in the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code environment of OpenFOAM (Open Source Field And Manipulation). The actuator disk model was chosen as the axial flow fan model and the heat exchanger model was implemented as an A-frame, or Delta frame, heat exchanger commonly found on power stations. Both models were validated and verified. A 30 fan ACC was verified against previous literature. The results for all validation and verification procedures showed good agreement with respective data. Three different fan configurations in an ACC were compared at different wind speeds namely the A-fan, B2a-fan and a Combined ACC. The study showed small differences between ACCs with regard to fan and thermal performance. However, the B2a-fan ACC consumed 20% less power than the A-fan ACC and 3–10% less power than the Combined ACC. This performance increase was most prominently show-cased by the increased heat-to-power ratio with the B2a-fan exhibiting heat-to-power ratios of 110 W/W compared to 96 W/W for the A-fan.
Air-cooled condenser (ACC) design methodologies use empirical correlations that are unable to account for the complex flow phenomena associated with ACCs. Numerical models are seen as an alternative evaluation tool. This paper details the development of a modeling strategy for an ACC in the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code of OpenFOAM. The axial flow fan is modeled using the extended actuator disk model (EADM) and validated using the B2a-fan. A good agreement between experimental and numerical results are noted for the volumetric flow rates expected in the ACC operating range. The A-frame heat exchanger is also validated using the empirical data. The ACC operating point is numerically and analytically determined. An overprediction of the numerical results to the analytical solution is attributed to the presence of kinetic energy recovery and validated using experimental results. A numerical recovery coefficient of 0.527 is measured and correlates well with the experimentally determined coefficient of 0.553.
A macro system for PL/1-programming is described. It facilitates the coding of application programs for teleprocessing (TP) systems and standardizes these programs. Options may be included as the programmer desires. The macro system allows usage of the same program from multiple terminals. Standardized access and handling procedures facilitate the usage of the various application programs within the information system. The design criteria of the macros allow an adaptation to other TP systems in order to avoid »locking in« of application programs into one TP system and provide means for program exchange.
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