The important properties to overcome the corrosion are safe, available, biodegradable, low cost, and environmental friendly. Gambier leaves extract is one of the inhibitor that have environmental friendly properties. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of extract using ethanol-water to reduce the corrosion rate. Soaking of ferrous iron plate samples in seawater media have done for corrosion test. Agitator and aerator motors at turn-on and conducted a series of immersion with varying contact time 5, 10, 15, and 20 days. After the time up next ferrous iron plate samples were cleaned, dried, and weighed. Experiment was repeated by adding a inhibitor heavy leaves gambier extract with varying leaves gambier extract, 1000, 3000, and 5000 ppm. Soaking iron plate samples performed at varying pH at 3(acid), 6 (netral), and 9 (alkaline). Calculation is then performed and the rate of corrosion inhibition efficiency gambier leaves extract with ethanol-water solvent. On the immersion of iron plate without inhibitor, the result that the longer the contact time, the weight of the iron plate was reduced. The results showed the addition of inhibitors of leaves extract gambier with ethanol-water solvent into the corrosive media can reduce the rate of corrosion. Inhibitor of leaves extract gambier using ethanol-water solvent effective to reduce the rate of corrosion inhibitor at a concentration of 5000 ppm and contact time of 20 days with the lowest value of the corrosion rate is 0.000503 g/cm² days in seawater media at initial pH 7.9. Gambier extracts gave greatest inhibition efficiency about 60.345% obtained at a concentration of 5000 ppm inhibitor and 20 days contact time.
One of the method to use pulp and paper mill sludge was convert it become a compost. This research result showed that time variation of compost have different physical and organic matter properties. In physical properties, 3 months of compost had 12.57% moisture content, while organic matter contain 10.56% carbon, 1.07% nitrogen, and 9.87 C/N ratio. For 4 months compost had 6.79% moisture content, 11.88% carbon, 0.91% nitrogen, and 13.05 C/N ratio. Nutrients content from both composts appropriate with the standard value of National Standarisation Body.
In this study, the adsorption properties of Rhodamine-B (RB) on fly ash were investigated. Two different fly ashes conditions, including raw fly ash and activated fly ash, were selected for the adsorption experiment. The adsorption process is conducted by mixing fly ash 0.5; 1; 1,5 and 2g/L with the temperature of 30°C; 35°C; 45°C. The results showed that the HCl activation will enhance the MB adsorption capacity of fly ash, the higher the mass of adsorbent, and the higher mixing temperature, the better the performance of adsorbent is. Then, the great conditions for reducing RB with adsorbent mass 2g/L at temperature of 45°C, with a removal efficiency 90,54%
Hydroxyapatite (HA) can be used as drug delivery material in cancer treatment by adsorption of cancer drugs such as doxorubicin (DOX) to hydroxyapatite surface. This experiment studied the effect of pH value and DOX/HA ratio on the release rate of doxorubicin from hydroxyapatite in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The release of doxorubicin from hydroxyapatite surface was done by soaking DOX-HA powder into 350 mL of PBS solution at pH 5.6 and 7.4 in a beaker glass. The sample was taken from the suspension every two hours for 120 hours. The samples were analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer to determine the DOX concentration released. The DOX-HA powder was characterized using SEM-EDX. At lower the pH value the higher DOX concentration released. DOX concentration released in the first 40 hours were maintained at 1.25 and 6.92 ppm for pH value 7.4 and 5.6 respectively. Beside that, the more hydroxyapatite used the higher DOX concentration released. The DOX concentration released in the first 40 hours at pH value 7.4 was maintained at 0.625, 3.541, 4.508 and 4.958 ppm when using 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 gram of hydroxyapatite respectively.
Mutiara Ayu is a Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) which was founded by a group of housewives in Mutiara Kualu 8 Housing, Kualu Village, Tambang District, Kampar Regency, which produces Healthy Soybean Extract. Since its establishment in November 2020, MSME Mutiara Ayu has been experiencing various problems in running its business. The University of Riau Abdimas team, in partnership with MSME Mutiara Ayu, provided assistance to solve the problems being faced in the form of increasing knowledge and skills to improve product quality and quantity. The community partnership scheme service program was carried out for two months, namely July – August 2022, involving Real Work Lecture (Kukerta) students. This program was carried out in several stages of implementation, namely: (1) The preparation stage includes coordination with partner MSMEs, analysis of business conditions, recruitment, briefing with the community service team and students, coordination with various related parties, identification of needs, and analysis of instruments, (2) The implementation phase includes the provision of instruments and training, technical guidance, and assistance. (3) The monitoring and evaluation phase includes coordination with partner MSMEs, village parties, and Kukerta students. The results achieved in the Kukerta-integrated Abdimas program are an increase in product quality and quantity as well as an increase in the knowledge and skills of MSME Partners related to production and business management, which is expected to increase Mutiara Ayu's MSME income in the future.
316L stainless steel is one of the metal biomaterials used in implant applications because it has excellent mechanical strength. To improve the biocompatibility and activity of metals, a coating on metal surfaces is required. 316L stainless steel is coated with hydroxyapatite using a dip coating technique. Firstly, the suspension was prepared by mixing 10 grams of hydroxyapatite, 1 gram of sago starch, with distilled water with certain weight which was then stirred at a speed of 250 rpm for 20 hours. The substrate then dipped 1 time with dipping time for 20 seconds. Coating hydroxyapatite was sintered at temperatures of 600°C, 700°C and 800°C for 1 hour. The results show that the thickness of the hydroxyapatite layer on the substrate has decreased with increasing amount of distilled water used. However, the thickness of the layer increases with increasing sintering temperature. The best value of shear strength was obtained in the addition of 16 grams of distilled water with sintering temperature of 800°C which is 11.78 MPa. Furthermore, the coating attached to all substrates is hydroxyapatite with an average composition of 99.37% as evidenced by the results of XRD analysis.
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