Urea‐based ionic liquid stabilized on silica‐coated Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, {Fe3O4@SiO2@(CH2)3‐Urea‐SO3H/HCl}, as an unexceptionable and smooth releasing urea fertilizer in alkali soils was synthesized and fully characterized using Fourier transform infrared, UV–visible and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopies, X‐ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopies, atomic force microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The nanostructure catalyst as a novel, green and efficient catalyst was applied for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methane derivatives via the condensation reaction between 2‐methylindole and aldehydes at room temperature under solvent‐free conditions. Also, pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidinone derivatives were prepared in the presence of the nanomagnetic urea‐based catalyst by the one‐pot three‐component condensation reaction of 1,3‐dimethylbarbituric acid, aldehydes and malononitrile under solvent‐free conditions at 60 °C. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the synthesis of urea‐based ionic liquid stabilized on silica‐coated Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles. So the present work can open up a new and promising insight in the course of rational design, synthesis and applications of task‐specific fertilizer‐based nanomagnetic ionic liquids with desirable properties as unexceptionable substances for sustainable processes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Imidazole-based ionic liquid-stabilized on silica coated Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nano particles [nano-Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @(CH 2) 3-Imidazole-SO 3 H]Cl as a novel heterogeneous acidic catalyst was designed, synthesized and fully characterized by FT-IR, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis. The nano-structured organo solid catalyst as a novel, mild and full-fledged catalyst was used for the cascade synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthene derivatives by the condensation reaction between dimedone and various aldehydes at 80 o C under solvent-free conditions. Similarly, dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives were synthesized by the one-pot three-component condensation reaction of aldehydes, malononitrile and 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazoline-5-one under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. To the knowledge of our science, this is the main investigation on the synthesis of [nano-Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @(CH 2) 3-Imidazole-SO 3 H]Cl as a worthy heterogeneous nano magnetic solid acid for acid catalyzed organic reactions.

An efficient procedure for the synthesis of 2,4,6-triarylpyridines (Kröhnke pyridines) by the one-pot multicomponent condensation of aldehydes (1 equiv) with acetophenones (2 equiv) and ammonium acetate (1.2 equiv) in the presence of catalytic amounts of oxozirconium(IV) chloride (ZrOCl 2 ) under solvent-free conditions is described. In this work, four products have been reported for the first time. Easy work-up, simple methodology, clean reaction and reusability of the catalyst are some advantages of this work.

Synthesis of the first thiourea dioxide-based silica-coated Fe3O4magnetic nanoparticles as an exquisite, extraordinary and effective catalyst for the synthesis of 1,1,3-tri(1H-indol-3-yl) alkane derivatives.

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{Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @(CH 2 ) 3 -thiourea dioxide-SO 3 H/HCl}, a newly reported nanomagnetic core-shell supported solid acid catalyst, was successfully employed in the preparation of 4,4′-(arylmethylene)bis(1H-pyrazol-5-ol) and pyrano[3,2-c]pyrazole derivatives. The presented methods are very efficient and high-yielding. Also, the catalyst exhibited powerful potential for reusability in both types of reactions.

Synthesis and characterization of two novel biological-based nano organo solid acids with urea moiety and their catalytic applications in the synthesis of 4,4'-(arylmethylene)bis(1H-pyrazol-5-ol), coumarin-3carboxylic acid and cinnamic acid derivatives under mild and green conditions 5

Inflammation acts like a double-edged sword and can be harmful if not appropriately controlled. COVID-19 is created through a novel species of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV). Elevated levels of inflammatory factors such as inter- leukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), etc. lead to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and severe complications of infection in the lungs of coronavirus-infected patients. Astaxanthin is a natural and potent carotenoid with powerful antioxidant activity as well as an anti-inflammatory agent that supports good health. The effects of astaxanthin on the regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathways and the reduction and suppression of cytokines and other inflam- matory agents such as IL-6 and TNF-α have already been identified. Therefore, these unique features can make this natural compound an excellent option to minimize inflammation and its consequences.