In a probabilistic route search, there is a start location, a target location, and search queries Q1, . . . , Qn. Each Qi has an answer set Ai consisting of geo-spatial objects and their probabilities. The probability of an object o ∈ Ai specifies the likelihood that o satisfies Qi. The goal is to compute a route that is short and yet has a high probability of satisfying all the Qi. This paper investigates interactive route search. Upon arrival at each object, the user provides feedback specifying whether the object satisfies its corresponding query. The goal is to compute the next object to be visited, based on the feedback. Several heuristic algorithms are given and compared experimentally.
The quasi-static and dynamic mechanical and failure properties of a swaged tungsten-base heavy alloy rod have been investigated, with emphasis on the orientation of the specimens in the rod. Three orientations were considered, 0, 45, and 90 deg, with respect to the longitudinal axis of the rod. Compression, tension, and dominant shear tests were carried out. With the exception of the 0 deg orientation, all the orientations displayed quite similar mechanical characteristics in tension and compression. Dynamic shear revealed a critical strain for adiabatic shear failure of c Ϸ 0.13, independent of the orientation and quite inferior to the quasi-static ductility. The present study confirms previous results obtained for one (generally unspecified) orientation and extends them to three orientations. Failure mechanisms were thoroughly characterized and it appears that significant damage does not develop prior to final failure. It is concluded that, for practical purposes, the swaged heavy alloy considered here can be regarded as isotropic from a mechanical and failure point of view, in spite of its microstructural anisotropy resulting from the swaging process.
A route search is an enhancement of an ordinary geographic search. Instead of merely returning a set of entities, the result is a route that goes via entities that are relevant to the search. The input to the problem consists of several search queries, and each query defines a type of geographical entities. When visited, some of the entities succeed in satisfying the user while others fail to do so; however, only the probability of success is known prior to arrival. The main task is to find a route that visits at least one satisfying entity of each type. In an interactive search, the route is computed in steps. In each step, only the next entity of the route is given to the user, and after visiting that entity, the user provides a feedback specifying whether the entity satisfies her. This paper investigates interactive route search in the presence of order constraints that specify that some types of entities should be visited before others. We present heuristic algorithms for interactive route search for two cases, depending on whether the constraints define a complete order or a partial one. The main challenge is to utilize the feedback in order to compute a route that is shorter and has a higher degree of success, compared to routes that are computed non-interactively. We also discuss how to compare the results of the algorithms and introduce suitable measures for doing so. Experiments on real-world data illustrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our algorithms.
The transition of a shear to opening type of failure mechanism has been reported for side impact experiments of notched or cracked plates (metallic alloys and Polycarbonate). The present paper addresses additional aspects of the phenomenon in relation to mode-mixity for actual fatigue cracks in Polycarbonate specimens. Two distinct experimental setups are used and systematically compared throughout the work: dominant mode II and dominant mode I loading. The experimental results show that the same characteristic failure mechanisms operate irrespective of the specimen geometry (loading mode) and crack-tip nature for a given impact velocity (evolution of the stress intensity factors). Résumé. La transition des modes de rupture d'ouverture en cisaillement a été observée lors d'essais d'impact latéral de plaques entaillées ou fissurées (alliages métalliques et Polycarbonate). Cet article traite d'autres aspects de la transition en relation avec la mixité du chargement pour des fissures de fatigue dans du Polycarbonate. Nous utilisons et comparons systématiquement deux types d'expériences distinctes: chargement en mode 11 dominant ou en mode I dominant. Les résultats montrent que des mécanismes de ruine identiques opèrent dans les deux cas, en fonction de la vitesse d'impact (evolution des facteurs d'intensité des contraintes)
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