Energy storage systems (ESSs) are gaining a lot of interest due to the trend of increasing the use of renewable energies. This paper reviews the different ESSs in power systems, especially microgrids showing their essential role in enhancing the performance of electrical systems. Therefore, The ESSs classified into various technologies as a function of the energy storage form and the main relevant technical parameters. In this review paper, the most common classifications are presented, summarized, and compared according to their characteristics. A specific interest in electrochemical ESSs, especially battery energy storage systems, focusing on their classifications due to their importance in the residential sector. Besides that, the benefits and drawbacks of Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) batteries are discussed due to their significance. Finally, the environmental impact of these ESSs is discussed.
Abstract.Recently smart demand side management (DSM) is a very important tool that permits customers to take right decisions for their energy consumption and helps the energy utilities to decrease the over load demand and reshape the load curve. This paper proposes an optimized DSM technique based on smart metering uses different techniques such as load shifting and peak clipping to minimize domestic power consumption especially during load peaks. A new optimization technique (Bat Algorithm) is applied on proposed system and then compares results with other optimization techniques (Genetic Algorithm and Interior point Algorithm) to optimize the minimum consumption during peak hours according to load type. A control algorithm is applied to the proposed system to achieve the load shifting and load clipping according to the optimization results.
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