Zamaniyan M., Fatahi R., Boroomand-Nasab S. (2014): Field performance evaluation of micro irrigation systems in Iran. Soil & Water Res., 9: 135-142.The efforts to introduce the micro irrigation system in Iran go back as far as the year 1990. The area under micro irrigation system in Iran covers about 400 000 ha and it is estimated to double (800 000 ha) during the next five years. The field performance of micro irrigation systems was studied in ten Iranian sites. Physical, chemical, and biological analyses of water samples derived from each site included pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), Fe, Mn, Mg, Ca, and bacterial number (BN). In this study relative emitter discharge (R), percentage of completely clogged emitters (P clog ), emission uniformity (EU), absolute uniformity emission (EU a ), statistical uniformity (Us), coefficient of variation due to emitter performance in the field (V pf ), and sector emission uniformity (EUs) were evaluated. Results showed that performance of micro irrigation systems in Iran is low and poor. Average EU, Us, and V pf values in different sites were 52.8, 61.3, and 38.2%, respectively. Most frequent problems detected in irrigation units were: inadequate working pressure, emitters clogging, and lacking farmers' training.

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Estimating the runoff in the basins lacking statistics is always considered by researchers and managers in planning, development and implementation of many projects of water Resource. One of the methods for estimating the runoff is to use geomorphology instantaneous unit hydrograph which estimates the hydrograph of flood based on quantitative geomorphology factors. In this study, first the quantitative geomorphology of the Nash and Rousseau methods including k (scale parameter), n (shape parameter) and speed (Meters per second) were obtained. In the next step, instantaneous unit hydrograph was obtained by GIUH method and ultimately flood hydrograph was created for 20 selected events from 1991 to 2007 in kasilian region and compared to the observational hydrographs. Through sensitivity analysis, infiltration Index (φ) had higher sensitivity analysis, infiltration Index (φ) had higher sensitivity and n (Parameter of shape) were less sensitive. Also, by comparing peak discharge values and computational hydrograph widths in the state where the discharge of hydrographs is 50 and 75% of peak discharge, observational data revealed that the Rousseau method and lower error than the Nash method and Nash method had a higher accuracy than Rousseau in terms of the volume and time.