The morphology, ecology, and phylogenetic relationships of specimens of the family Boletaceae from subtropical and tropical China were investigated. Four species, Butyriboletushuangnianlaii, Lanmaoamacrocarpa, Neoboletusmultipunctatus, and Sutoriussubrufus, are new to science. Chalciporusradiatus and Caloboletusxiangtoushanensis are redescribed. Caloboletusguanyui is proposed to replace Boletusquercinus Hongo, an illegitimate later homonym. The recently described Tylopiluscallainus is synonymized with the Japanese Boletusvirescens, and the new combination T.virescens (Har. Takah. & Taneyama) N.K. Zeng et al. is proposed. Moreover, Neoboletus is treated as an independent genus based on evidence from morphology and molecular phylogenetic data in the present study, and many previously described taxa of Sutorius are recombined into Neoboletus: N.ferrugineus (G. Wu et al.) N.K. Zeng et al., N.flavidus (G. Wu & Zhu L. Yang) N.K. Zeng et al., N.hainanensis (T.H. Li & M. Zang) N.K. Zeng et al., N.obscureumbrinus (Hongo) N.K. Zeng et al., N.rubriporus (G. Wu & Zhu L. Yang) N.K. Zeng et al., N.sanguineoides (G. Wu & Zhu L. Yang) N.K. Zeng et al. , N.sanguineus (G. Wu & Zhu L. Yang) N.K. Zeng et al., and N.tomentulosus (M. Zang et al.) N.K. Zeng et al.
Two new boletes, viz. Retiboletus nigrogriseus and Tengioboletus fujianensis are described based on morphological and molecular evidence. Retiboletus nigrogriseus is characterized by a black pileus when young, gray when old, context and hymenophore staining brownish to fuliginous when injured, black, reticulate stipe with a white basal mycelium, and a subcutis pileipellis composed of uninflated hyphae with cystidioid terminal cells; T. fujianensis is characterized by a large-sized basidioma, brown to reddish brown pileus, reticulate stipe, and a trichodermal pileipellis composed of uninflated hyphae with cystidioid terminal cells. A detailed description, color photos of fresh basidiomata and line drawings of microstructures of the two new boletes are presented.
Cantharellus macrocarpus, a member of Cantharellus subgenus Cantharellus, is described as a new species from Hainan Province, China. It is characterized by large basidioma with a bright yellow-orange pileus and a well-developed, rugulose hymenophore, cream to pale yellowish stipe, noticeably thickened hyphal walls in the pileipellis, presence of clamp connections in all parts of the basidiomata, and a distribution in tropical Asia. A phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences from part of the 28S gene and the translation elongation factor 1-a gene (TEF1) confirmed that it forms an independent lineage within subgenus Cantharellus. A detailed description, color photos of fresh basidiomata and line drawings of micromorphological features are presented.
The morphology, ecology, and phylogenetic relationships of species of Crocinoboletus (Boletaceae, Boletales) were investigated. One species, C. pinetorum, new to science, is characterized by a pileus yellowish orange to pale orange in color, surface of pileus and stipe usually unchanging in color when bruised, shorter basidiospores measuring 9.5–11.5 × 4–5 (–5.5) μm, and its association with pine trees. Information on C. laetissimus and C. rufoaureus is updated. A key to all known taxa of Crocinoboletus is also provided.
The morphology and phylogenetic relationships of species of Hourangia (Boletaceae, Boletales) from China were investigated. Five phylogenetic species are recognized in the country; two of them, H. densisquamata and H. dilatata, are described as new; two of them, H. cheoi and H. nigropunctata, are previously described taxa, and the remaining one is not described due to the paucity of material. Besides specimens of Hourangia, collections of Aureoboletus were also made during field trips in China. The morphological and molecular data indicated that some collections labeled as A. cf. venustus or identified as A. venustus in previous studies represented a new species, therefore the new species A. erythraeus is described, and A. venustus is redescribed. A key to all known taxa of Hourangia is also provided.
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