No abstract

Rutin treatment exerted a protective effect on l-arginine-induced AP by mechanisms involving the reduction of oxidative stress, which suggests that this flavonoid has a potential for future approaches designed for the management of AP.

Osteosarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal tumor whose cancerous cells produce osteoid matrix. It is the most common primary malignant bone tumor, accounting for approximately 20% of the sarcomas, but only 5% of the osteosarcomas occur in the jaws. They present various clinical and histological aspects, as well as variable disease progression and outcome. This article shows a case report of a 20-year-old woman who presented swelling near the mandibular left premolar. After clinical diagnosis of lesion of the dental periapex, the patient initially underwent endodontic treatment of the tooth involved. Thereafter, in a period of eleven days, a significant increase of the lesion could be observed, resulting in visible facial asymmetry. The occlusal radiographic view showed an area of bone destruction and abnormal bone formation in the region. The external cortical portion showed clear radiopacity resembling sunrays, suggesting the diagnosis of osteosarcoma. The treatment comprised partial mandibulectomy and reconstruction of the area, using bone of the rib and skin graft from the buttock for the oral mucosa involved. Eight months after surgery, there was local recurrence of the lesion and the patient died approximately one year after relapse.

O Papilomavírus humano (HPV) é um vírus ubíquo de DNA, epiteliotrópico, que tem a pele e as mucosas como principais sítios de infecção. Ultimamente, a sua associação com neoplasias benignas e malignas da cavidade oral, principalmente o carcinoma epidermóide, tem sido mais evidente. O seu achado comum em epitélio de mucosa oral normal, amplamente divulgado na literatura, não permite inferências mais precisas quanto ao seu papel na carcinogênese (se agente etiológico principal, coadjuvante ou simples habitante do epitélio de revestimento da mucosa oral). São mais de 100 tipos já identificados, dos quais 24 já foram localizados na cavidade oral. Desses, 4 são particularmente importantes, os tipos 6 e 11 (que estão envolvidos nas lesões benignas do epitélio oral) e 16 e 18 (comprovadamente carcinogênicos e possivelmente envolvidos na etiologia de determinados carcinomas epidermóides orais). A ação desses dois últimos tipos está principalmente associada às oncoproteínas E6 e E7 produzidas pelos mesmos. A E6 liga-se, seqüestra e degrada a p53, importante proteína supressora de tumor. A segunda liga-se e seqüestra a pRb, também supressora de tumor, facilitando a liberação de E2F. Apesar do aprimoramento das técnicas de detecção do HPV nas lesões de mucosa oral, o seu envolvimento direto com os carcinomas orais não foi ainda devidamente comprovado, todavia a sua ação sinérgica com outros carcinógenos químicos e físicos, tais como o fumo e o álcool, em determinados carcinomas epidermóides nos parece o caminho mais correto para explicar a ação do papilomavírus humano na carcinogênese oral. Márcio The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a epitheliotropicubiquitous DNA virus and which has as main infection sites the skin and the mucosas. Lately, its association with benign and malignant neoplasias of oral cavity mainly the squamous cell carcinoma has been more evident. Its common finding in normal oral mucosa epithelium largely publicated in literature doesn't allow inferences more accurate in relation to its role in carcinogenesis (if main or coadjuvant etiological agent or simple covering epithelium inhabitant of oral mucosa). They are already more than 100 types identified which 24 were already located in oral cavity. Of these, 4 are particularly important, the HPVs types 6 and 11 (which are involved in benign lesions of oral epithelium), 16 and 18 (proved carcinogenics and possibly involved in the etiology of determined oral squamous cell carcinomas). The action of these two last types is mainly associated to the E6 and E7 oncoproteins produced by themselves. The E6 binds, sequestrates and degrades the p53, an important tumour supressor protein. The second binds and sequestrates the pRb, also tumour supressor, facilitating the release of E2F. In spite of the refinement HPV detection techniques in oral mucosa lesions, its direct involvement with the oral carcinomas wasn't still duly proved, however, in our opinion, the association of virus with chemical and physical carcinogens in some squamous cell carcinomas, such as the to...

Purpose: In the present study, we investigated the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA and viral types in 75 cases of oral squamous cells carcinoma from Brazil to obtain data that would contribute to a better understanding of the role of HPV in the pathogenesis of this tumor. Materials and methods: DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tissue and amplified by polymerase chain reaction using a pair of primers designated PCO3+ and PCO4+ for the detection of a fragment of the human h-globin gene, followed by polymerase chain reaction for the detection of HPV DNA using a pair of generic primers, GP5+ and GP6+. Viral typing was performed by dot blot hybridization.Results: Human papillomavirus DNA was detected in 18 (24%) of the 75 cases positive for the human h-globin gene. No significant association was observed between HPV and age, sex, or anatomical location of the tumor. The most prevalent viral type was HPV-18 (77,8%). Conclusion:The low frequency of detection of HPV DNA in oral epidermoid carcinomas suggests a possible participation of the virus in the development and progression of only a subgroup of these tumors. D