Introduction: Colonoscopic biopsy is important in the diagnosis and treatment of suspected colonic diseases as it is a diagnostic procedure of choice for patients with gastrointestinal disorders lasting for several weeks to months. Histomorphological evaluation of colonic biopsy is important for specific diagnosis, for determining the extent of the disease and its response to therapy and for detecting complications. Objective: To evaluate colorectal mucosal lesion by histopathological examination and to confirm the diagnosis of different gastrointestinal diseases including malignancies. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 330 colonoscopic biopsies with different gastrointestinal disorders from January 2014 to December 2016 in the Department of Pathology, Armed Forces Hospital, Kuwait. Results: About 75.2% of cases were male with average age was 45 years with ranging 10-80 years. Out of 330 biopsies specific diagnosis was made in 63% cases and among the specific diagnosis, tubular adenoma was the commonest (21.22%) followed by inflammatory bowel diseases 13.94% cases. Total malignant cases were 7.60% and majority of them in the age group of 41-60 years. Conclusion: The importance of colonoscopic biopsies lies especially in some chronic diarrhoea, alteration of bowel habit and per rectal bleeding. Moreover with the early histopathological diagnosis by detecting the precancerous lesion, like Ulcerative colitis, adenomatous polyp, patient can get rid of developing cancer and thereby saved life. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.13(2) 2017: 54-58
Background: Solitary nodular enlargement of thyroid is one of the common indications for surgical excision. Since most of the nodules are benign, symptomless, normal thyroid hormone profile, they do not require excision. This study was done to evaluate the utility of FNAC as a rapid diagnostic method in various thyroid lesions and guide the clinician for further treatment. Objective: This main objective of the study to evaluate the cyto-histopathological findings, and the accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) procedure in solitary nodular thyroid lesions. Materials and Methods: This prospective study comprises total 160 cases with thyroid lesions referred to cytopathology laboratory and gland morphology studied by ultrasonography (USG). Based on ultrasonography report Fine Needle Aspiration were done manually or guided and aspirated material fixed on fixative and stained to examine. Results: Age incidence varied from 10-80 yrs. The commonest age group affected was 21-40 yrs. The ratio of male to female was 1:2.2. The duration of symptoms ranged from 10 days to 15 years. Maximum number of cases presented with midline swelling of the neck. On cytology 52 (32.5%) cases were diagnosed as colloid goiter, 46 (28.75%) as colloid goiter with cystic change, 16(10%) as thyroiditis - among them 6(3.75%) as granulomatous thyroiditis, 8(5%) as lymphocytic thyroiditis, 2(1.25%) as dequervain thyroiditis, 10 (6.25%) as follicular neoplasm, 2(1.25%) as hurthle cell adenoma, 5(3.3%) as papillary carcinoma, 2 (1.25%) as medullary carcinoma, 1(0.33%) anaplastic carcinoma and 1(0.33%) NHL as suspicious smear. Histopathological examination was possible in 60 cases. The overall sensitivity was 90.2%, specificity was 98.2% and accuracy was 97.1%. Conclusion: FNAC is a rapid, efficient, cost-effective, relatively painless procedure and produces a early result with a high diagnostic accuracy. It has high rates of sensitivity and specificity to diagnose the solitary thyroid lesions and thereby it is an important diagnostic tool and further management of patients with thyroid lesions. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(4) 2019 p.789-795
During the years the role of viruses as a cause of oncological illness was known. One of them is cervical carcinomas, related to Human Papilloma Viruses (HPV's). There are about 450000 new cases of cervical cancer worldwide each year, and 250000 deaths of this diagnosis. By the diagnosis cervical cancer gets there with two procedures: after mass screening or clinical suspicious for ill. By the availability apparent tumor diagnosis is put with biopsy. By the discreet lesions require utilization modern diagnostic methods. One of them is immunohistochemical method. In situ hybridization (ISH) assays for high-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) and immunohistochemical (IHC) assays for surrogate markers such as p16 INK 4a can be useful in detecting HR-HPV in cervical dysplasia. The aim of the following study was to find difference the level for expression of the tumor specific gene p16 INK 4a in reactive, dysplastic and invasive changes in biopsy specimens from uterine cervix. In the lesions of the uterine cervix, over expression of p16 INK 4a is induced by HPV and is associated with the process of cancerogenesis in the epithelium. Almost 100% of the high grade lesions and the invasive carcinomas demonstrated high level of expression of p16 INK 4a while non dysplastic epithelium is always negative.
Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (C-ALCL) usually presents with scaly patches or plaques and nodular skin lesion. Most people with C-ALCL have indolent (i.e., chronic, slow growing) lymphomas which are treatable and curable. Histologically cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma is diffuse, non-epidermotropic with anaplastic large lymphoid cells. Immunohistochemically most of the tumor cells express CD30 antigen and prognosis is good. Excision of the lesion followed by radiotherapy and/or low dose methotrexate are the treatment of choice. The present study reports a rare case of 30-year-old-man presenting with multifocal papulonodular lesions in the right forearm and biopsy confirmed that the case is cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. He was treated with low dose of methotrexate and patient became completely cured without any residual disease. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 17, No 1 (June) 2021: 46-48
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