ResumoObjetivo: Devido à alta prevalência das enteroparasitoses entre crianças no Brasil e do possível envolvimento de objetos na transmissão dessas doenças, foi desenvolvido um estudo para pesquisar a presença de cistos de protozoários, larvas e ovos de helmintos em chupetas.Métodos: No período de março a dezembro de 1993, foram examinadas 86 chupetas de crianças na faixa etária de zero a sete anos, residentes no bairro Vila Promessa, município de Alfenas, MG. A pesquisa de cistos, larvas e ovos foi realizada através do exame microscópico do sedimento obtido da centrifugação do líqui-do resultante da lavagem das chupetas. Os resultados obtidos foram avaliados empregando-se a análise percentual. Paralelamente aos exames, foram realizadas entrevistas com os responsáveis pela criança, cuja chupeta foi examinada, visando à detecção de conhecimentos sobre a transmissão das parasitoses intestinais e os cuidados com as chupetas.Resultados: Dentre as 86 chupetas examinadas, 10 estavam contaminadas (11,63%) e nelas foram encontrados ovos de Ascaris lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, Trichuris trichiura, Taenia sp e larvas de Ancylostomatidae.Conclusão: Foi observado que as chupetas podem ser um importante veículo na transmissão dos parasitas intestinais, na faixa etária em estudo, o que deixa clara a necessidade de uma política sanitária persistente no combate às parasitoses intestinais.J. pediatr. (Rio J.). 1997; 73(1):21-25: cuidados da criança, chupeta, enteropatia parasitária. AbstractObjective: Due to the high prevalence of enteroparasitoses among Brazilian children and the possible involvement of objects in carrying these diseases, a study was conducted to investigate the presence of protozoan cysts, larvae and helminth eggs in pacifiers.Methods: Over the period of March to December of 1993, 86 pacifiers of zero to seven-year-old children resident in Vila Promessa, a suburb in Alfenas, MG, were examined. The investigation of cysts, larvae and eggs was made by the microscopic exam of the sediment obtained from centrifuging the liquid resulting from washing the pacifiers. The results were evaluated by employing the percentile analysis. Along with the examination of the pacifiers, an interview was carried out with the people responsible for the children whose pacifiers were examined, aiming at detecting how much was known about the transmission of intestinal parasitoses and the proper hygiene of pacifiers.Results: Among the 86 pacifiers examined, 10 were found to be contaminated (11.63%) and presenting eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, Trichuris trichiura, Taenia sp and Ancylostomatidae larvae.Conclusion: Pacifiers were found to be an important means of transmitting intestinal parasites in the age range studied what makes it a need to set a proper and persistent sanitary policy in fighting intestinal parasitoses.
Intestinal parasitic infections are common among pre-school children in developing countries and they are often associated with gastrointestinal morbidity such as chronic diarrhea and malnutrition. Their circulation is mainly associated with lack of personal hygiene and environmental sanitation, as well as limited housing and food conditions. As the diagnosis of intestinal parasites is not a simple procedure, especially in population studies, due to difficulties encountered in strategies to obtain fecal samples, reliable prevalence data are scarce. Indeed, the epidemiological data on the prevalence of these parasites in different locations are important for the development of appropriate control measures. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with intestinal parasitic infection in children attending three public municipal daycare centers in Alfenas, MG. Three fecal samples from each child were collected on alternate days and processed by the spontaneous sedimentation technique and also through the commercially available centrifugal concentration technique, known as the TF-Test® (TFT). Information on the biological, social and physical environment, in which the children lived, were obtained through the application of a socio-epidemiological questionnaire to the parents or guardians and daycare staff. Giardia duodenalis was the parasite species most frequently detected among the children, with a positive rate of 27.8% (77/277). Entamoeba coli was detected in one of the daycare centers studied, with positivity rate of 43.7%, (7/16); and helminth infection in only two children. The present study showed that children of municipal daycare centers in Alfenas could be at risk of infection by intestinal parasites.
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