In response to the current social–political landscape, consumers’ expectations are changing. There is an increased need for companies to communicate about social issues such as climate change. This study is among the first to examine the differentiated and mediated effects of three messaging strategies: corporate social responsibility (CSR), corporate social advocacy (CSA), and corporate political activism (CPA), in the context of corporations communicating about climate change, which currently lacks scholarly attention. An online-survey experiment (N = 1048) compared the messaging strategies’ effects on three consumer responses: perceived credibility, perceived reputation, and positive word-of-mouth intention. Results from a structural equation model indicate that the type of corporate climate change communication (CCCC) has a differential effect on consumer responses. The differences are magnified by the mediation of consumers’ attribution of corporate climate motives in the relationship between the climate change message and consumer responses. This study advances scholarship on CSR, CSA, and CPA, and provides theoretical and practical implications for how a corporation communicates about climate change using different communication and engagement strategies.
As soon as it was clear that Pope Francis's 2015 Encyclical, Laudato Si': On Care for Our Common Home, would discuss, among other issues, the moral imperative to address global climate change, U.S. scholars and research institutions rushed to collect data surrounding its release. These groups aimed to determine whether there would be a "Francis Effect," in which U.S. Conservatives (and Conservative Catholics in particular) would show greater concern about the negative effects of global climate change. Here, we first provide context by discussing the history of political polarization in the U.S. over global climate change. Then, we review the published literature and publicly available data that aimed to examine potential influences of Laudato Si' on people's climate change attitudes. Taken together, the available scholarship provides strong evidence that U.S. publics were differentially responsive to the Pope's messaging (with political Conservatives expressing less climate change concern and viewing Pope Francis as less credible), but there is correlational evidence of an overall "Francis Effect." U.S. population data collected following the encyclical's release show small, potentially temporary, increases in perceptions of papal credibility, climate change concern, and the perspective that global climate change is a moral issue.
This article examines ‘adaptation-induced tourism’, a form of media-induced tourism understood to be distinct from ‘screen tourism’ or ‘literary tourism’ and marked by tourist activity related to an adaptation from one media format to another. Such adaptation-induced tourism activates an existing fan base and as a result provides considerably more upside in terms of the potential long-tail impact of tourism, but also faces particularly acute challenges in terms of fidelity and potential negative fan reactions. Moreover, this article suggests an ethical dimension to adaptation. Examining Game of Thrones tourism in and around Belfast, Northern Ireland (UK), this research shows that the choice to adapt popular works through extensive location shooting invites significant increases in visitation, thereby bringing sustainability issues to the fore and forcing communities to ‘adapt’ to new realities. The changes that occur on the local level, while often positive in the short-term, may have deleterious impacts upon the physical and cultural ecosystem, particularly in the context of climate change and a larger trend in tourism towards ‘adapting’ to new geoatmospheric and political realities. The article suggests that stakeholders involved in location scouting, providing incentives to film and television producers, and the marketing of place might remain mindful of and proactive concerning unintended consequences to seemingly obvious production and development decisions, particularly where adaptations are concerned. Finally, the article suggests that adaptation-induced tourism spaces and their reproduction by visitors are further examples of adaptation that have the potential to induce further visitation, creating a productive circle with ambivalent outcomes.
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