Camargo RYA, Tomimori EK, Knobel M, Medeiros-Neto G. Pre-operative assessment of Thyroid nodules: respective roles of ultra-sonography, fine needle aspiration biopsy followed by cytology. CLINICS. 2007;62(4):411-8. PURPOSE:To evaluate the preoperative assessment of thyroid nodules using ultrasound studies and cytology of nodular aspirates. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 2,468 patients with thyroid nodules were examined from 1999 to 2005. All patients were clinically examined and underwent ultrasonography followed by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and cytology. RESULTS:Nodules larger than 10 mm were classified ultrasonographically in a 4-tier system and received a score according to the criterion of possible malignancy. Cytological examinations were conducted independently by 2 cytologists and classified as benign (score 1), indeterminate (score 2), suspicious (score 3), and malignant (score 6). Combining both scores, an index was generated that would indicate a higher probability of malignancy (benign, doubtful, suspicious, and malignant). Thyroid surgery was performed in 274 patients. Of those, 115 patients had a score of 2 to 5 and only 8 had a histological diagnosis of thyroid cancer (6.9%). For patients with a score of 5 (n = 51), 11.5% had a malignant lesion, and 51% of the 61 patients with a score of 6 had confirmed thyroid cancer. Of the 98 patients with a combined score of 7 to 10, 99% had a histological confirmation of malignancy. CONCLUSIONS: The index score had a sensitivity of 94.1% and specificity of 77.5%. The overall accuracy was 85.8%. Therefore, we concluded that this methodology may improve the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid cancer in nodules larger than 10 mm. Association with other methods such as color Doppler echography, serum TSH concentration, galectin-3 expression analysis, and FDG/PET scan would be useful in avoiding the higher costs of thyroid surgical procedures.
RESUMOO objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar esquema terapêutico medicamentoso para aumentar a aderência ao tratamento da moléstia de Graves-Basedow (MGB) em Hospital Público Universitário. Os pacientes foram selecionados segundo critérios rigorosos, que incluíam volume glandular inferior a 60cm 3 , origem da área urbana de São Paulo e não submetidos a terapia prévia da MGB. Receberam gratuitamente a medicação, eram avisados antecipadamente da data da consulta e acompanhados por um único médico durante todo o tratamento. Foram incluídos 229 pacientes, tratados inicialmente com metimazol (MMI -60mg/dia) em dose única diária, seguindo-se com combinação de MMI (20mg) com LT4 (100µg) em dose única diária por 24 meses. Apenas 83 pacientes (36,2%) completaram o protocolo quando foram subdivididos em 2 grupos, após a suspensão do MMI+LT4: Grupo 1 (n= 34), que permaneceram em remissão por 3 anos, e Grupo 2 (n= 49), que apresentaram recidiva da doença entre 2 e 36 meses. Os fatores preditivos associados à remissão foram: decréscimo do volume glandular, tireoglobulina sérica < 40ng/ml e valores séricos normais de anticorpos anti-receptor de TSH. Constatamos que apesar do planejamento cuidadoso, mais de 60% dos portadores de MGB não completaram o protocolo e foram encaminhados a tratamento com radioiodo. Admitimos que esse baixo êxito terapêutico poderia ser melhorado mediante identificação dos fatores capazes de indicar quais pacientes estariam propensos a seguir um tratamento de longa duração. The aim of the present study was to evaluate a new proposal for increasing compliance to the clinical management of patients with Graves' disease (GD) in a large and public University Hospital. The patients were carefully selected (no previous GD treatment, goiter volume less than 6mL must be living in the metro area of São Paulo), received medication at no cost, were contacted frequently by the social worker and alerted for the date of consultation and only referred to a single endocrinologist during all phases of treatment. We recruited 229 patients with GD that were initially treated with methimazole (MMI -60mg q.d) in a single daily dose followed by a combination of MMI (20mg) plus L-T4 (100µg) daily for 24 months. Only 83 patients (36.2%) completed the protocol and were subdivided in: Group 1 (n= 34) that were in remission for 3 years after discontinuation of the MMI and Group 2 (n= 49) that presented recurrence of GD between 2 and 36 months without MMI. Predictive factors associated with remission were: perspectivas
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