If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.comEmerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services.Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation. AbstractPurpose -This study seeks to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI), personality, cognitive intelligence and leadership effectiveness. Design/methodology/approach -Senior executives ðn ¼ 41Þ completed an ability measure of EI (MSCEIT), a measure of personality (16PF5) and a measure of cognitive ability (the Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence (WASI)). Leadership effectiveness was assessed using an objective measure of performance and a 3608 assessment involving each leader's subordinates and direct manager ðn ¼ 149Þ: Findings -Correlational and regression analyses revealed that higher EI was associated with higher leadership effectiveness, and that EI explained variance not explained by either personality or IQ. Originality/value -This paper establishes a link between EI and workplace measures of leadership effectiveness.
Objective To describe how practice effects influence cognitive trajectories and determine if a reduction in practice effects is a potential marker of Stage 3 preclinical AD. Method Participants included 263 older adults who were cognitively normal at baseline (CDR=0) and returned for an average of 9.5 annual visits. Participants completed standard tests of episodic memory, visuospatial ability, semantic memory, and executive function. Progressors (n=66) converted to CDR>0 with a diagnosis of symptomatic AD after a minimum of 3 visits and Stable participants (n=197) never progressed to CDR>0. Practice effects, defined as the slope of performance across visits 1–3, were compared between groups and used within-subjects to predict risk of conversion. Changepoint models that account for retest were contrasted with linear models that ignore retest. Results The Stable group showed practice effects on episodic memory measures (β = 0.14, SE = .02, p < .0001) but the Progressor group did not (β = 0.03, SE = .03, p = 0.343). Across all participants, practice effects on episodic memory tests were associated with a decreased risk of progression to AD (SHR = 0.110, 95% CI 0.032–0.384, p = .001). Finally, use of changepoint models dramatically altered rate of change estimates compared with models that ignored practice. Conclusions Our results indicate that preclinical AD is marked by a reduction in practice effects in episodic memory and that the magnitude of gain from retesting is inversely related to progression risk. Assessment of practice effects may be a face-valid indicator of Stage 3 preclinical AD.
Microscopic near-infrared Fourier transform Raman investigations were performed of skin samples from the Nekht-Ankh mummy found in the 'Tomb of the Two Brothers' in Egypt (ca 2000 BC). Spectra were obtained from various sites on the samples. The lipids and proteins seemed well preserved, although different degrees of protein deterioration were observed. In some spots the protein degradation was rather high. Some sites showed very well preserved protein secondary structures with both helical and sheet contents, indicating that the artificial mummification process had a positive effect although no embalming chemicals were left in those spots. Sodium sulphate was the only artificial chemical that could be detected and the degradation of lipid and protein seemed to be rather high in the region containing sodium sulphate. The Raman spectra of the best preserved skin samples from the Nekht-Ankh mummy are very similar to those obtained from the best preserved child rock-cleft mummy (I/2) from Qilakitsoq in Greenland. The conclusion is that the artificial embalming process used by the ancient Egyptians was an efficient way to preserve the mummies even under hot conditions.
The relationship between organisational values and performance management systems and the influence this relationship has on an employee's job satisfaction and commitment was investigated surveying 325 employees from an Australian public service organisation. Respondents were classified into four main value types -Collegial, Meritocratic, Leadership and Elite, according to a typological theory of organisational values. Factor analysis of the performance management items revealed two core dimensions -compensation and developing an individual. Using identified value types and factor scores, the notion of congruency was developed. Independent group's t-test identified significant differences in valuehuman resource management congruency and organisational commitment. The implications of these findings are that organisational values are an important organising principle (among others, such as organisation size, industry type, and competitive strategy) in the designing of human resource management policies.Organisational culture has been a dominant theme in management literature for the past decade (see for example Barney 1986;Cooke and Szumal 1993;Holt and Kabanoff 1995;O'Reilly, Chatman, and Caldwell 1991;Toulson, Holt, and Campbell 1998). However, there is still considerable disagreement on what the concept means; how it should be observed and measured; how it relates to more traditional industrial and organisational psychology theories and more importantly, how our understanding of organisational culture can be 7
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