Introduction:Although pulmonary hydatid cysts can be diagnosed on computed tomography (CT), sometimes findings can be atypical. Other hypodense infective or neoplastic lesions may mimic hydatid cysts. We proposed that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may act as a problem-solving tool, aiding the definite diagnosis of hydatid cysts and differentiating it from its mimics. The aim of this study is to assess the findings of pulmonary hydatid cysts on CT and MRI and the additional contribution of MRI in doubtful cases.Materials and Methods:This is a retrospective study of 90 patients with suspected hydatid cysts. CT and MRI findings were noted and role of MRI in diagnosing hydatid cysts and its mimics was studied. Descriptive statistics for CT findings and sensitivity and specificity of MRI were calculated using surgery or histopathology as gold standard.Results:Of the 90 patients with suspected pulmonary hydatid cysts, there were 52 true-positive and 7 false-positive cases on CT. Commonest CT finding was unilocular thick-walled cyst. In the 26 patients who had additional MRI, based on T2-weighted hypointense rim or folded membranes, accurate preoperative differentiation of 14 patients with hydatid cysts from 10 patients with alternate diagnosis was possible. There was one false-positive and one false-negative case on MRI.Conclusion:Although hydatid cyst can be diagnosed on CT on most occasions, sometimes there are challenges with certain mimics and atypical appearances. T2-weighted MRI can act as a problem solving tool to conclusively diagnose hydatid cyst or suggest an alternate diagnosis.
Introduction: Corpus Callosum (CC) is the major anatomical and functional commissure which transmits information across two cerebral hemispheres. It is assessed by looking at its morphology on midsagittal sequence of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Physiological variations and diseases alter the structure of CC. It undergoes structural changes throughout the infancy which should be taken into account for better evaluation. Hence, the normal reference biometric data of CC on MRI in infants is needed. There are very limited data of normal reference range of thickness of CC especially in infants. Aim: To establish the normal standards for the CC in first year of life using MRI. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective observational study conducted in the year 2019-2020 in which the MRI images of 100 patients aged 4 days to 12 months with seizures and trauma were reviewed to evaluate CC. Children with abnormalities on MRI were excluded from the study. The thickness of subregions of the CC (genu, body, splenium) and the length were measured. Age related changes in the size of the subregions of the CC was assessed. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel sheet and statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. Results: In the age group of less than two months, the width of genu, body, isthmus and splenium was 5 mm, 2 mm, 1.52 and 3.45 mm, respectively. The length of CC was 47.24 mm. As the age of children increased, there was increase in width of genu, body, splenium, isthmus and length of CC. At the age group of 11-12 months the width of genu, body, isthmus and splenium was 9.10 mm, 4.90 mm, 2.29 mm and 8.64 mm respectively. The length of CC was 60.57 mm. The study reveals that there is a progressive change in dimension of CC with advancement of age. Conclusion: There is a considerable change in the appearance of CC during infancy, knowledge of which is useful in differentiating between normal and abnormal brain.
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