Conservatism is a principle which affects valuation in accounting because conservative still has an important role in accounting practices. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of the financial distress, managerial ownership structure, growth opportunities, and debt covenant on accounting conservatism in Indonesia companies that use multimedia. Purposive sampling method was used to determine the sample, which generates 113 companies. Multiple linear regression and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline (MARS) was used to analyze the data. The result of the normality test showed that residual was not normally distributed. Consequently, MARS was used to analyze the data. Result of the study suggested that financial distress, managerial ownership structure, growth opportunities, and debt covenant have an effect on accounting conservatism. Moreover, managerial ownership structure has the most effect on accounting conservatism. Therefore, management should pay attention in making policies in order to increase the firm value and investor intention to invest their capital.
There is a theoretical gap in the research during the research period, so it is necessary to reconcile the findings, which is expected to be useful for all parties, academics, practitioners and related companies. The analysis used in this research is the Smart PLS tool. The population in this study are all manufacturing industrial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2020 period. The sample of this study amounted to 144 companies. Tax aggressiveness shows results that do not affect the capital structure of manufacturing companies. Investment decisions affect the increase in capital structure in manufacturing companies. The capital structure shows a strong influence on financial distress in manufacturing companies. The results of the indirect effect test explain that tax aggressiveness has no significant effect on financial distress through capital structure. The results of the indirect effect test explain the substantial impact of investment decisions on financial distress through capital structure. The results of the moderating effect test show that the capital structure has no significant effect on financial distress with group affiliation moderation. The results of the moderating effect test explain the significant effect of capital structure on financial distress by moderating political connections.
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