Ada 75% wanita di dunia menderita vaginitis sekali dalam seumur hidup dan 10% hingga 55% diantaranya tidak mengetahui bahwa mereka mengalami vaginitis. Pembentukan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku personal hygiene yang baik dapat mencegah vaginitis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan hubungan pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku personal hygiene terhadap gejala vaginitis pada siswi SMPN 1 dan SMPN 23 Padang. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap siswi kelas VII, VIII, dan IX di SMPN tersebut pada bulan September 2018. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan teknik pengambilan sampel systematic random sampling. Kuisioner digunakan sebagai instrumen penelitian untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, perilaku personal hygiene, dan gejala vaginitis pada responden. Penelitian menggunakan uji bivariat Chi-square untuk menganalisis data. Jumlah responden yang dikumpulkan adalah sebanyak 242 orang. Tingkat pengetahuan siswi mayoritas sedang, sedangkan sikap dan perilaku responden mayoritas baik. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan gejala vaginitis adalah p=0,011 di SMPN 23 dan p=0,558 di SMPN 1, hubungan sikap dengan gejala adalah p=0,013 di SMPN 23 dan p=0,458 di SMPN 1, dan hubungan perilaku dengan gejala adalah p=0,615 di SMPN 23 dan p=0,138 di SMPN 1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dan sikap dengan gejala vaginitis di SMPN 23 namun tidak didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap gejala di SMPN 1. Tidak didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan antara perilaku dengan gejala vaginitis pada kedua populasi.
AbstrakPenatalaksanaan fraktur distal radius adalah mengembalikan kekuatan menggenggam serta mempertahankan biomekanik sendi pergelangan tangan, sehingga pasien dapat mengerjakan aktifitas seperti sediakala, serta mengurangi resiko penyakit degeneratif di kemudian hari. Rentang gerak sendi juga merupakan bagian dari penilaian keselarasan anatomi, namun sedikit didiskusikan dalam kepustakaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai antropometri sendi pergelangan tangan etnis Minangkabau. Survey analitik cross sectional dilakukan pada 50 mahasiswa kedokteran pria dan wanita beretnis Minangkabau, usia 21- 25 tahun. Data dianálisis untuk mengetahui nilai mean, standar deviasi serta menguji perbedaan antropometri pria dan wanita menggunakan t- test independen dengan derajat kepercayaan 95%. Nilai mean dan simpang deviasi ukuran ROM palmarfleksi 79,22 + 9,58; dorsofleksi 72,22 + 10,54; ulnar deviasi 40,74 + 9,43; radial deviasi 24,68 + 4,92; radial inclination 24,02 + 3,49; Radial length 11,35 + 1,56; Palmar Tilt 12,27 + 6,12. Terdapat perbedaan nilai radial inclination antara pria dan wanita (p=0,001). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna secara statistik radial inclination pria dan wanita mahasiswa kedokteran yang beretnis Minangkabau. Selain itu terdapat perbedaan antropometri antara penelitian ini dengan kepustakaan yang lazim.AbstractAs it is known that the treatment of distal radius fractures is to restore the biomechanical strength of grip and maintain joint movement of the wrist so that the patient can do normal activities, and reduce the risk of degenerative diseases of the joints of the wrist in the future. From various journals and literature more votes just only on morphometry, while the range of motion is also part of conformity assessment anatomy as well. This study aimed to measure anthropometric of wrist joint of Minangkabau ethnic group. This study used cross sectional analytical survey on medical students, men and women, with Minangkabau ethnic group, age 21- 25 years , with a sample size of 50 people. Data was analysed to determine the mean and standard deviation, and to examine difference in male and female anthropometric measurement by using an independent t-test with a 95% degree of confidence. Result : Mean and standar deviation value ROM palmarfleksi 79.22 + 9.58; dorsiflexion 72.22 + 10.54; ulnar deviation of 40.74 + 9.43; radial deviation of 24.68 + 4.92. The size of the radial inclination was 24.02 + 3.49. Radial length was 11.35 + 1.56. Tilt Palmar size was 12.27 + 6.12. Statistically there was significant difference of radial inclination between women and men (p=0.001). Conclusion: There were significant differences in the average value of the radial inclination between men and women of Minangkabau ethnic group. Besides, there were some differences in anthropometric measurement in this study compared to figure commonly reported in literature.
Introduction: Some laminoplasty procedures still have restenosis because of bony-bridging failure of the laminar hinge. The present study aimed to determine the effect of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-enriched scaffolds on vertebral regeneration after laminoplasty on the basis of the number of osteoblasts, matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) levels. Methods: Laminoplasty procedure using the Hirabayashi technique was conducted at the lumbar level in 32 rabbits that were divided into four and three groups of the control (C) and treatment groups, respectively, with different types of laminoplasty spacer (T1, autograft; T2, scaffold; and T3, scaffold with MSCs). Histopathological studies were conducted to calculate the number of osteoblasts and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests to detect MMP-8 and TGF-β 4 weeks after the surgery. Results: The results showed a significant decrease in MMP-8 level in the T3 group compared with that in the control group (p < 0.05). A significant difference exists between the average number of newly formed osteoblasts in the control group compared with that in the T3 group (p < 0.05) with a higher mean blood TGF-β level of all experimental groups compared with that of the control group (p = 0.58). Conclusion:The significant decrease in MMP-8 levels, increase in TGF-β levels, and increased number of osteoblasts on MSC-seeded polylactic acid scaffolds could be useful to support the laminoplasty procedure to prevent restenosis because it was biocompatible and promoted the bone healing process.
Scoliosis is a musculoskeletal condition that has an abnormal lateral spinal curvature as its main feature. By a level curvature condition, the scoliotic spine has to treat by surgery process to install an instrument or implant consists of pedicle screws, rods, and connectors in fixation of the spinal curvature. However, it is observed in many cases that several types of failure occur in the instrument and the bone - pedicle screw interface. One of the problems was related to screw loosening and pulled out from the spine. This paper observes and discusses the stress distribution numerically in the screws and bone interface in scoliotic spine fixation using finite element analysis. The contact interface is modeled variously by bonded contact and friction contact. It is found that in bonded connection between screws and bone generates lower maximum stress than friction contacts. The maximum stress is working in the screw and the stress distribution is more uniform along the contact surface. Therefore, the risk of pulling out the screws will be minimized. On the other hand, friction contact with low friction coefficients makes the stress distribution is concentrated in a specific region and increase the maximum stress in bone.
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