Selenium (Se) is an essential element to humans, animals and plants, but little is known about roles of Se in yield and antioxidant enzyme activities of rice. In this study, sodium selenate with 10 (T1), 30 (T2) and 50 (T3) μmol L -1 concentrations and distilled water (CK) were sprayed onto rice cultivars, or more precisely Meixiangzhan-2 at rupturing stage during the experiments in South China, 2017. Treatments were arranged in a split-plot design with three replications. The result showed that spraying 10, 30 and 50 μmol L -1 sodium selenate at rupturing stage could improve the activities of oxidant enzymes such as peroxidase (POD), superoxide (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and lower the malonaldehyde (MDA) concentrations at filling stage. Furthermore, Se applications could enhance the chlorophyll content at middle and late phase of filling stage and grain yield at maturity. Therefore, Se applications could alleviate the detrimental effects of rice leaf senescence by regulating the activity of enzymatic antioxidants and also increasing chlorophyll content at the filling stage which will be helpful to sustain growth and yield formation in rice production.
Temperature is one of the major factors which have a significant effect on plants. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of temperature variation on physio-biochemical characteristics of two rice cultivars i.e., Basmati385 and Xiangyaxiangzhan. A pot experiment with three different treatments of day-night temperature dynamics was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments included T1: 33 °C/27 °C, T2: 27 °C/21 °C, T3: 21/15 °C under 1200X yellow light intensity and 75% humidity. Results revealed that increase in temperature enhances photosynthesis, the production of photosynthetic pigments, but such increment was higher in Xiangyaxiangzhan than in Basmati385. Furthermore, temperature variably affected protein synthesis, and the activities of enzymatic antioxidants viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidases (POD), catalase (CAT) in both cultivars. Moreover, the highest yield was recorded at 27 °C/21 °C for both cultivars and the temperature of 27 °C/21 °C was regarded as the most suitable temperature at filling stage for rice compared with 33 °C/27 °C and 21/15 °C.
In the experiment, Solanum diphyllum, Solanum nigrum, Solanum nigrum humile and Solanum alatum as the rootstocks and eggplant seedlings as the scions, and the effects of different Solanum rootstocks on photosynthetic pigment contents and antioxidant enzyme activities of eggplant seedlings were studied. The results showed that S. nigrum as the rootstock increased the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll of eggplant seedlings, and other treatments decreased the value of the above indicators or had no effects on them. All the Solanum rootstocks increased the content of carotenoid. Compared to ungrafted, the content of total chlorophyll and carotenoid of eggplant seedlings with S. nigrum as rootstock were the highest, which increased by 7.91% and 45.71%. Different Solanum rootstocks had different effects on the antioxidant enzyme activities of eggplant seedlings, but in general, Solanum rootstocks increased the antioxidant enzyme activities of eggplant seedlings. In conclusion, S. nigrum as the rootstock increased the antioxidant enzyme activities of eggplant seedlings while increasing its chlorophyll content, which was conducive to the growth of eggplant seedlings.
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