Distribution of SARS-CoV-2 virus and pathological features of multiple organs in COVID-19 patients remains unclear, which interferes with the improvement of COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment. In this article, we summarize the pathological findings obtained from systematic autopsy (37 cases) and percutaneous multiple organ biopsy (“minimally invasive autopsy”, 54 cases). These findings should shed light on better understanding of the progression of COVID-19 infection and the means of more effective intervention.

This paper discusses a public-domain model of a vinyl acetate (VAC) process. The VAC process is large enough to be representative in its essential features of many chemical processes. The process model contains 246 states, 26 manipulated variables, and 43 measurements. Parts of the model, e.g., the azeotropic distillation tower, are highly nonlinear. An earlier model of the same process was published, but it was implemented in proprietary software. Both the source code used to generate the results in this paper and a compiled version are available to the public, and the paper discusses how they can be obtained. The modeling approach used and differences from the earlier VAC model are discussed in detail. Simulations are presented that show the agreement with earlier results. The goal of the paper is to provide a readily available simulation that can be used as a test bed for advanced control approaches, such as plantwide control design and optimization, model predictive control, and process monitoring.

The Northeastern China involves complex interactions between the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) circulation and the polar climate system, and plays a significant role as the bridge communicating low- and high-latitude climatic processes. High-resolution multi-proxy analysis of a robust accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dated lacustrine sediment core recovered from Jingpo Lake in Northeastern China provides a detailed history of EASM variability and vegetation changes since ~5100 cal. yr BP. The period from ~5100 to 3600 cal. yr BP was characterized by the highest pollen percentages of Quercus, Ulmus, Juglans and Corylopsis; low Md (median grain size diameter); and high δ13Corg values, reflecting a relatively warm and humid period. The period between ~3600 and 2100 cal. yr BP is characterized by high Md and low δ13Corg values, and a rapid increase in pollen percentages of herbs, indicating cool and dry climatic conditions. From ~2100 to 150 cal. yr BP, a gradual increase in δ13Corg values and low Md values, and a rapid increase in Carpinus, Juglans and Corylopsis pollen percentages was observed, indicating climate change towards warmer and wetter conditions. After ~150 cal. yr BP, the highest values of total organic carbon mass accumulation rate (TOC-MAR), total nitrogen mass accumulation rate (TN-MAR) and magnetic susceptibility suggesting that the Jingpo Lake region has been severely affected by human activities. The EASM variability in Northeastern China during the mid- to late Holocene shows trends similar to EASM records in China. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the variability of the EASM during the mid- to late Holocene on the multi-decadal to centennial scale was forced by changes in both solar output and oceanic–atmospheric circulation interaction.

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At present, bug tracking systems are used to collect and manage bug reports in many software projects. As participants, the testers not only submit bug reports to the system, but also comment on bug reports in the system. The tester’s behaviors of submitting and commenting reflect his/her influence in bug tracking systems. However, with the rapid increase of the bug reports in software projects, evaluating the testers’ influence in the projects accurately becomes more and more difficult. Aiming at solving this problem, the submission and comment on bug report can be regarded as social behaviors of the testers, and thus the method of Influence Ranking for Testers (IRfT) in bug tracking systems is presented and used for measuring the influence of the testers in this paper. The case study of the Eclipse project in Bugzilla shows that the result produced by IRfT is consistent with the actual performance of the testers in this project. The ranking results can keep stable in the cases of link adding or removing and tester removing in tester networks, and the results are also proved to be valid in the future. The further investigation on the speed of network break-down by node removal demonstrates that the top-ranking testers are important in the organization of tester networks. Additionally, the results also show that the ranking of the testers is related to the existence time in bug tracking system. Therefore, IRfT is proved to be an effective measurement for evaluating the influence of the testers in bug tracking system, and it can further demonstrate the testers’ contributions in software testing, such as bug validations, bug fixes, etc.

A new approach to designing plantwide control systems that is based on a linear dynamic process model and output optimal control is extended in this paper. The design of a plantwide architecture is split into four stages, and the results from one stage are used as the input to the next. During the design process, transient responses are easily calculated, and they can be used to compare candidate architectures to one another to eliminate architectures with poor dynamic performance. The design methodology is facilitated through a user-friendly software package that makes use of the best currently available algorithms for solving output optimal control problems. In this paper, the design methodology is extended to cover cases where a set of step disturbances and/or step set-point changes is important, as well as to cases where a common control system is required for multiple-steady-state operation. The approach is illustrated on the Tennessee Eastman process.

No abstract

Potential nuclear attacks are among the most devastating terrorist attacks, with severe loss of human lives as well as damage to infrastructure. To deter such threats, it becomes increasingly vital to have sophisticated nuclear surveillance and detection systems deployed in major cities in the U.S., such as New York City. In this paper, we design a mobile sensor network and develop statistical algorithms and models to provide consistent and pervasive surveillance of nuclear materials in major cities. The network consists of a large number of vehicles on which nuclear sensors and Global Position System (GPS) tracking devices are installed. Real time sensor readings and GPS information are transmitted to and processed at a central surveillance center.Mathematical and statistical analyses are performed, in which we mimic a signal-generating process and develop a latent source modeling framework to detect multiple spatial clusters. An MC-EM algorithm is developed to estimate model parameters, detect significant clusters, and 1 identify their locations and sizes. We also determine the number of clusters using a modified AIC/BIC criterion. Simulation studies to evaluate the effectiveness and detection power of such a network are described.