One thousand two hundred thirty seven smokers responding to lung association announcements in five geographic areas were randomly assigned to one of four groups and mailed American Lung Association materials: 1) leaflets (L); 2) leaflets plus maintenance manual (L+M); 3) cessation manual (C); and 4) cessation and maintenance manuals (C+M). Five telephone interviews over one year achieved a 95 per cent follow-up completion rate. Nonrespondents as well as exclusive cigar and pipe users were classified as smokers. Twenty per cent quit initially, with 5 per cent continually abstinent in (C +M) at 12 months vs 2 per cent in (L) (p < .05). Nonsmoking prevalence rates (no tobacco smoking in the past

Transfusion practices have changed considerably since 1981. Current transfusion practices are, in general, consistent with the ASA Guidelines.

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Our results indicate that although there is a higher incidence of VAE detection in sitting patients, the morbidity is not statistically greater. We conclude that because morbidity from VAE is similar in either position, patient positioning should be based on surgical team preference.

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