The purpose of this paper is to describe a statistical method for modelling and accounting for the heavy tail fault-free error distributions that have been encountered in the Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS), the FAA's version of a ground-based augmentation system (GBAS) for GPS. The method uses the Normal Inverse Gaussian (NIG) family of distributions to describe a heaviest tail distribution, and to select a suitable NIG family member as a model distribution based upon a statistical observability criterion applied to the FAA's LAAS prototype error data. Since the independent sample size of the data is limited to several thousand and the tail probability of interest is of the order of 10−9, there is a chance of mismodelling. A position domain monitor (PDM) is shown to provide significant mitigation of mismodelling, even for the heaviest tail that could be encountered, if it can meet certain stringent accuracy and threshold requirements. Aside from its application to GBAS, this paper should be of general interest because it describes a different approach to navigation error modelling and introduces the application of the NIG distribution to navigation error analysis.
Each GPS IIIC space vehicle (SV) will broadcast a user range accuracy (URA) that bounds the errors in that SV's signal‐in‐space (SIS). An independent URA monitor (IUM) is examined as part of the next generation GPS Control Segment (OCX) to ensure URA bounding of errors in the SV ephemeris and clock corrections. Since the IUM operates on single snapshot data to maintain timely integrity, the minimum monitorable URAs (MMUs) are larger than if based on continuous tracking data and an orbital model. Operational feasibility of the IUM is assessed for the Localizer Performance with Vertical guidance (LPV) aircraft approach down to a 200 ft decision altitude (LPV200). Although the MMUs are larger than the URAs previously envisioned for GPS IIIC, availability for LPV200 would be sufficiently high at U.S. locations, including Alaska and Hawaii, but would be less than 0.99 at some non‐U.S. locations analyzed, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere. Copyright © 2012 Institute of Navigation.
The Local Area Augmentation System &US)is the Federal Aviation Administration's ground-based augmentation system (GBAS) for local area differential GPS (DGPS). Zt will support all categories of precision approach. Z&IS is currently under advanced development and specification. The purpose of this paper is to provide a system description of LAAS and to describe important related developments for the aviation and navigation communities. Both top-level and intermediate-level descriptions are given, with emphasis on the Ground Segment. Three distinguishing advances are described in more detail: Multipath Limiting Antenna, Airport Pseudolite, and a method for transforming integrity parameters from the pseudorange to the position domain.
This paper documents a system description and operational concept for ensuring the integrity of the Global Positioning System (GPS) signals‐in‐space for use in the National Airspace System. The concept employs a ground monitoring network, L‐band transponders placed onboard already planned geostationary communication satellites to broadcast integrity data, and an integrated receiver containing both the GPS and the GPS Integrity Channel (GIC). The three, aforementioned system segments are described. The feasibility of employing a network of only four ground monitors to cover CONUS is analyzed. A discussion concerning implementation of such a system is also presented.
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