the manipulation of graphene and its derivatives occupy a relatively insignifi cant part, i.e., less than 1%. The fi rst publications on graphene modifi cation with laser irradiation appeared in 2008, however, since 2010, the number of publications has risen exponentially.Graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as a versatile material for nanocarbon research. Several types of oxygen-containing functional groups present on the basal plane, and the sheet edge allows GO to interact with a broad range of organic and inorganic materials. [ 9 ] Furthermore, GO is an abundant and low-cost material synthesized from graphite or graphite oxide; it retains a layered structure but, at the same time, it can be characterized by the loss of electronic conjugation caused by the oxy groups at the edge or plane defects. GO has a potential use in energy, [ 10 ] electronics, [ 11 ] molecular sensing areas, [ 12 ] catalysis, [ 13 ] etc. Moreover, it can be reduced chemically or thermally in order to achieve graphenelike properties. [ 14 ] The material produced during such a procedure is usually referred to as "reduced GO" (rGO). However, residual defects such as remnant oxygen atoms, [ 15 ] Stone-Wales defects (pentagon-heptagon pairs), [ 16 ] and holes [ 17 ] appearing due to the loss of carbon (in the form of CO or CO 2 ) from the basal plane [ 18 ] limit the electronic quality of rGO.A laser is a powerful tool which is used for various applications in industry, medicine, science, and material processing. [ 19 ] It is usually employed in different processes such as ablation, etching, cutting of various materials, as well as direct A dramatic rise in research interest in laser-induced graphene oxide (GO) reduction and modifi cation requires an overview of the most recent works on this subject. Typical methods for the recognition and confi rmation of modifi ed graphene and its derivatives, such as Raman, Fourier-transform infra-red (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron (XP), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopies, are introduced briefl y in this review. A major part of the survey is devoted to the main modifi cation ways and the laser parameters used in the literature. A discussion of possible reduction and modifi cation mechanisms is also presented. Recent applications, especially in the biomedical fi eld such as cell therapy treatment, as well as signifi cant results of GO modifi cation, are discussed in detail. Finally, perspectives for the application of laser-induced GO modifi cations in passive THz photonics and biomedicine are briefl y addressed.
