Silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) is one of the most valuable and productive tree species across European mountains, that accomplish multiple economic, protective and ecologic functions. Alongside spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), silver fir is a characteristic species for the Romanian Carpathians. Although silver fir tree is recommended for the diversification of forests in order to increase the resistance to climate change, it is very sensitive to climatic excesses, especially those that proceed rapidly. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate both the environmental conditions and stand characteristics of fir from five mountain ranges of the Romanian Carpathians. The study is based on data recorded over a period of 10 years (1990–2000). As such, a total of 77,251 stands that occupy 211,954 hectares have been investigated in regard to silver fir behaviour. MATLAB scripts were used for analysing consistent data volumes as well as the impact of eight factors on the silver fir productivity (altitude, field aspect, field slope, soil type, participation percentage, road distance, structure and consistency). Our analysis has revealed that higher silver fir productivity is found at altitudes of up to 1200 m, on mid and upper slopes, on NW field aspects, on eutric cambisols and dystric cambisols, with a 10–20% participation in stand composition and in relatively-even aged stands with a full consistency. This study offers valuable insights for forest managers that require comprehensive information in adopting effective strategies to enhance forest resilience under climate change.

This article reports an environmental study concerning the liquid detergent contamination and its impact on some plantlets, e.g. Phaseolus vulgaris and Petroselinum crispum. In this context, this study focuses on specific modifications of the physical-chemical and biochemical characteristics of some plantlets induced by liquid detergents present in the soil, both bio-based and without environmental compatibility. The results of this study showed that a decrease (over 60%) in total chlorophyll per fresh weight could be solely due to the presence of non-biodegradable liquid detergents in soil, in various concentrations: 0.125%, 0.25% and 0.5% (wt/wt), calculated on water mass. On the other hand, the action of the detergents on the plantlets has revealed a decrease in the catalase activity in the case of both types of detergents.

The distinction between noise and sound is mainly based on the discomfort of the latter, the noise being perceived as a negative sensation, while sounds are generally perceived as being pleasant. Noise and noise pollution are practically identical terms. Noise pollution is the exposure of humans and / or animals to sounds whose frequencies and intensities are harmful, affecting the auditory system, inducing stress or other instant or long term effects on the physical and mental health. For too recently, it has been recognized that noise can really have a dangerous effect on health. Urban noise is directly related to the types of human activities, being strongly influenced by population density, but also depends on urban architecture, i.e. the distribution of buildings and road network. One should keep in mind that traffic is an important noise source. Another such source is given by construction works which, even if discontinuous, when they are active, they induce serious sound discomfort and even worse. On the other side, the distribution of open and green spaces also influences the propagation of sounds, their reflection and absorption, factors that are too little analyzed in small and mediumsized developing cities. Such a combination of noise pollution factors and aspects that allow the dispersion of sounds is analyzed in this study in the case of Galati, a mediumsized city in Romania. Measurements of the sound intensity level were performed on several days and at different times, in areas with different urban architecture and noise sources, analyzing the connection between them as also related to the rhythm of human activities.

This paper presents the spatial and temporal variability of sulfur and carbon oxide concentrations in the South-eastern part of Romania. Climate change is a general threat to the provision of essential individual resources. The acquisition of data for CO and SO2 concentration was collected from the national air quality monitoring system which includes 158 monitoring stations. The acquisition of data for the concentration of CO and SO2 were collected from the national air quality monitoring system which includes 158 monitoring stations. The study presents the results obtained by processing data from the South East of Romania. The results showed that the diurnal temperature range had the largest impact on SO2, followed by secondary production, precipitation, and wind speed.

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