The problem of social inequality is a relevant subject of research, since in many ways all kinds of protest movements arise in the society when its different segments and groups feel and experience social injustice. The individual’s disadvantaged position in the society at present and his/her willingness to change it against the inability to do it is an important indicator of social instability. However, people’s perception of social injustice and inequality is different. The purpose of the present study is to explore the causes of economic inequality in Russia, as viewed by the population, as well as the attitudes to fairness of economic inequality and subjective assessment of one’s own chances of material success. The paper identifies the factors that influence subjective assessment of a person’s own chances. In the opinion of the population, it is non-meritocratic forms that are predominant in the Russian society. It was found that dissatisfaction with inequality is lower among the people who are poor today but contemplate to become rich in the future than among those who apprehend of becoming poor both now and in the future. It is shown that the individual’s subjective rank in income distribution is more important for one’s subjective well-being than the relative wage level.
The aim of the present research is to identify ways to improve the assessment of the effectiveness of the Russian Federation's subjects in the field of tourism. The article presents the main factors by which it is proposed to assess the attractiveness of a tourist destination. The analysis showed that it is necessary to unify the set of indicators that should be used in assessing the effectiveness of the activities of the subjects of the Russian Federation in the field of tourism. Author presents the composition of indicators characterizing the attractiveness of a tourist destination. Recommendations for maintaining an information base for assessing the effectiveness of the activities of the entities of the Russian Federation in the field of tourism allowed the authors to offer an assessment of tourism development in the region as a criterion of efficiency of activity of the subject of the Russian Federation. The paper highlighted the main criteria for assessing the effectiveness of the subjects of the Russian Federation in the field of tourism.
The article studies the categories of innovative products in the sphere of hospitality and tourism, which provide modernization and improvement of the quality of services provided in the studied industry. It considers the direction of innovation within the concept of sustainable tourism development, and also proves the importance and necessity of technology in tourism innovation. It suggests that there should be institutional innovation models in each country that form the innovative potential of the economy of a single country.
The article reveals the socio-economic significance of national projects in the field of tourism in Russia, identifies modern challenges and opportunities for their implementation in the conditions of Industry 4.0. The authors focus on the federal project «Improvement of management in the field of tourism» of the national project «Tourism and hospitality industry» as a project that most directly affects the effectiveness of the formation and development of human resources as the most important component of the resource potential of enterprises in the hospitality and tourism industry as a whole. In this regard, the paper analyzes the development indicators of the hotel and tourism sector in our country on the basis of official statistics. According to the results of the study. the authors have identified problem areas for the development of the human resources potential of enterprises in the hospitality and tourism industry, which determine the expediency of developing recommendations for its further improvement and increase in the level of efficiency.
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