The article presents the results of socio-economic research of factors affecting the economic behavior of economic entities of rural areas, performed on the basis of the theory of super long economic waves. During a large-scale sociological survey in three main age categories of the population, which is represented by different regions, it was revealed, that economic behavior is influenced by the following groups of factors depending on their degree of importance: the moral-religious, political, social, cultural, economic. The results of the research should be taken into account while creating and implementing the macroeconomic policy, including agricultural policy of the state, as well as in the microeconomic policies of firms.KEY WORDS: factors of economic activity, classification of factors, long economic wave, the theory of super-long waves, economic entities of rural areas
Based on the analysis of the activities of ecologically oriented farms and territories of Russia over the past ten years, and in particular the districts of the Belgorod region, we propose to implement a new management model using a game-theoretic approach in the practice of managing rural areas and an environmentally oriented agricultural collective. In the course of the study, we identified separate blocks of factors and methods that ensure the sustainable development of ecological agricultural holdings. Each block and method within the block is closely interconnected with all the others, and only a comprehensive implementation of the entire system of measures will allow us to achieve the maximum positive effect. In the course of the study, during 2010-2020, we conducted surveys of experts, in the capacity of which were both the settlers of the ancestral estates of the Belgorod region, and representatives of local, regional and regional authorities. The objectives of the expert method were: to determine the degree of influence of the methods we have identified in 5 blocks on the main indicators of the economic dynamics of the region’s districts and ancestral estates, to establish the leading principles that have a cardinal impact on economic trends.
The use of organic technologies in the Russian Federation is considered by us as the most important condition for improving agricultural production, leading to optimization and minimization of the most important environmental, social and economic problems. One of such organic technologies is the highly profitable technology proposed by us for combining zero plowing of the earth with mulching of the soil with natural mulch of various plant origin. The article substantiates the high efficiency of the new organic technology in the first year of use. Thus, according to the calculated data, the profitability of the project can be up to 75 percent, which is significantly higher than the average for the agro-industrial complex of the Belgorod region and the Russian Federation as a whole - 17-20 percent profitability.
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