The article is devoted to the substantiation of the main parameters of the tractor (tractor weight and engine power) and the unit for deep soil cultivation (up to 0.6 m). Calculations using a systemic energy mathematical model of soil-cultivating units showed that there is an optimal combination of the tractor weight and engine power, which remain stable, when most of the main parameters of the system "tractor -implementoperator -field -soil -crop" (TIOFSC), as well as environmental factors changed. The optimal weight of the tractor in deep tillage does not change, when most of the factors of the TIOFSC system change, and remains equal to 240 kN. There is a feature in this technological operation -the more the tractor weighs, the lower the total energy costs, which is associated with insignificant crop losses from the negative impact of tractor wheels on the soil. In the calculations, the maximum tractor weight of 240 kN was adopted based on the availability of wheeled tractors in the production (John Deere and New Holland 9000 -series). The revealed optimal engine power of the tractor is related to its weight and in our calculations it is 600 hp. Unlike the main parameters of the tractor, the implement's working width depends on environmental factors (soil hardness, its resistivity, etc.) and ranges from 6 to 8 m (a larger value for light soils). The speed of the unit depends on the parameters of the tractor, the width of the implement and soil properties, it ranges from 8 to 10 km•h -1 , which allows to somewhat control the energy efficiency of the unit when changing soil properties. At work with such parameters total power expenses will be in area 4000-5000 MJ•ha -1 . The deviation of parameters of the tractor and the unit from recommended conducts to growth of the size of total power expenses.
The values of the optimal height of the ribs and their optimal placement step on the surface of the heating device are determined. It was possible to determine that the installation of rectangular rods with a step of 8.2 mm on the surface at an angle of 90 degrees to the horizon, leads to an increase in the local coefficient of convective heat transfer to 200% compared to the surface on which there are no rods. It was found that the simplex acts as a separate parameter that affects the local coefficient of convective heat transfer on a surface with rectangular bars.
To intensify agricultural production in the market environment, it is necessary to reconstruct the whole economic mechanism considering energy efficiency. This calls for the search of new ideas for alternative designs and engine types that can raise the performance of heat engines to a new level while keeping their use in vehicles, machinery, and small energy facilities feasible. One of the options is the displaced shaft rotary engine. This article analyses the kinematic and dynamic metrics of the engines of this type and presents the calculations of these metrics for the prototype. Key advantages and disadvantages of this type of engine in terms of working process dynamics are set out. It is also compared to the reciprocal internal combustion engine of the same structural dimensions.
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