KEYWORDS
Taiji;Psychosocial stress; Salivary cortisol; Salivary a-amylase; Heart rate Summary Background: St ress reducing effects of Taiji, a mindful and gentle form of body movement, have been reported in previous studies, but standardized and controlled experimental studies are scarce. The present study investigates the effect of regular Taiji practice on psychobiological stress response in healthy men and women. Methods: 70 partidpants were randomly assigned to either Taiji classes or a waiting list. After 3 months, 26 (8 men, 18 women) persons in the Taiji group and 23 (9 men, 14 women) in the waiting control group underwent a standardized psychosocial stress test combining public speaking and mental arithmetic in front of an audience. Salivary cortisol and a -amylase, heart rate, and psychological responses to psychosodal stress were compared between the study groups. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01122706.) Results: Stress induced characteristic changes in all psychological and physiological mea. sures. Compared to controls, Taiji partidpants exhibited a significantly lower stress reactivity of cortisol (p = .028) and heart rate (p = .028), as well as lower a -amylase levels (p = .049). They reported a lower increase in perceived stressfulness (p = .006) and maintained a higher level of calmness ( p = . 019) in response to psychosodal stress. Conclusion: Our results consistently suggest that practidng Taiji attenuates psychobiological stress reactivity in healthy subjects. This may underline the role of Taiji as a useful mind-body practice for stress prevention.
The present research: Proposal for the design of a sports school for soccer and volleyball for children and young people aged 6 to 14 years with a focus on constructivism, carried out between 2019 and 2020, aims to propose the design of a soccer and volleyball sports school related to a constructivist model, as a strategy for the free use of children and young people aged 6 to 14 years of the Caldas Institute. The methodology developed was based on a quantitative approach, non-experimental and descriptive design, based on the bibliographic search, the relevant concepts for the investigation are presented with theoretical contributions on constructivism, as a model in sports teaching, as well as the necessary topics and regulations for the implementation of a sports school, such as motivation, sports, the basic principles of sports practice, the importance of extracurricular activities, healthy habits and the use of free time.Axial categories were defined with which the interpretation was constructed in the light of the theory, where the related authors are retaken in both the theoretical and conceptual frameworks and the information that is the theoretical construction of the researchers is triangulated. It is concluded that the design of the sports school is a positive strategy for the use of free time and personal development, since the students in the interview expressed motivation to be part of it, emphasizing that they can improve interpersonal relationships, create links to strengthen teamwork and have a healthy coexistence with students from other grades. Similarly, the sports training school will allow students to have optimal physical, emotional, social and sports development.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.