Roselle flower contains various active compounds including organic acid, hydroxycitric acid, hibiscus acid, anthocyanin, flavonoids and polysaccharides The anthocyanin compounds in rosella flowers are the most important pigment of vascular plants, harmless and that make it interesting is a soluble pigment in water media Anthocyanin extract is one of the most successful natural sensitizers for solar cells, because this organic dye produces a high yield of photons to current conversion and is easy to obtain and cheap. Anthocyanins can be potential as sensitizers, because they range in the light spectrum from red to blue. The purpose of this study was to obtain anthocyanin pigments at the optimum extraction conditions from roselle flowers. The optimization of the method was carried out by analyzing the effect of ultrasonic wave frequency, process temperature, extraction time, and mass ratio of roselle flowers to the volume of distilled water on the anthocyanin concentration. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the anthocyanin extract of rosella flowers were analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that the optimal operating conditions for the extraction process were known at a temperature of 40 °C, a frequency of 24 kHz, a time of 5 minutes, and a ratio of 1: 25.

SINTESIS SENYAWA KOORDINASI ASTAXANTHIN DENGAN BANTUAN GELOMBANG ULTRASONIK. Astaxanthin merupakan senyawa turunan karotenoid xantofil yang sangat potensial dalam pengobatan kanker. Salah satu upaya meningkatkan aktivitas anti kanker dari astaxanthin adalah dengan menggabungkan senyawa astaxanthin dengan ion logam. Upaya sintesis senyawa koordinasi astaxanthin dengan ion logam Fe 3+ , Mn 2+ , dan Zn 2+ telah dilakukan dengan bantuan gelombang ultrasonik. Panjang gelombang maksimal senyawa kompleks Mn(II)-Astaxanthin adalah 473 nm, Fe(III)-Astaxanthin adalah 355 nm, dan Zn(II)-Astaxanthin adalah 473 nm. Hasil FTIR menunjukan munculnya gugus fungsi khas astaxanthin pada semua kompleks dan munculnya serapan pada 535 cm-1 , untuk kompleks Mn(II)-Astaxanthin, 397 cm-1 untuk Fe(III)-Astaxanthin, dan 535 cm-1 untuk Zn(II)-Astaxanthin yang mengindikasikan adanya ikatan logam dengan atom donor dari Astaxanthin.

<p>Iron (III) (Fe (III)) is widely used in the industry such us water treatment, the sugar cane, the concrete industry and coal mining. Industrial activity using Fe(III) has potential impact to environmental pollution problems due to that industry produces Fe waste that one of hazardous waste. Fe content excess might toxic effect to human health and the environment. Zeolite as adsorbent has been evaluated extensively for Fe and other heavy metal. Sonication method has been widely developed in polymer preparation. The method is more effective in operation time because the reaction rate increased and also more efficient on the usage of chemical reagens. The optimization of reaction time, the ratio of Fe(III) with activated zeolite, the influence of pH, and temperature has been assessed for Fe(III) adsorption with an activated zeolite by sonication technique. The formation of Fe(III)-SCN complex assay was used for determination of Fe(III) adsorbed by the activated zeolite with using spectrophotometer. The results showed a relatively short operation time (15 minutes), at pH of 4, temperature of  30 °C with the ratio of 1:50 (weight/volume) for the activated zeolite and Fe(III). </p>

ABSTRAK: Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br) digunakan secara empiris oleh penduduk Nusa Tenggara Timur untuk mengobati hepatitis, tifus, maag, dan pemulih stamina. Informasi senyawa aktif yang terkandung didalam kulit faloak secara spesifik belum dipublikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui senyawa aktif yang terdapat didalam kulit faloak sebagai antikanker. Ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi, isolasi menggunakan metode isolasi bertingkat, elusidasi menggunakan penggabungan informasi dari spektra IR, 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR dan LC-MS, dan uji aktivitas antikanker pada sel kanker payudara T47D menggunakan metode MTT. Hasil isolasi diperoleh isolat turunan senyawa naptokuinon yaitu 2,3-dihydro-6-hydroxy-2-methylenenaphtho[1,2-b]furan-4,5-dione yang aktif sebagai antikanker dengan nilai IC50 pada sel kanker payudara sebesar 9,88 µg/mL dan dengan nilai selektivitas indeks sebesar 30,23.     ABSTRACT: Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br) is used empirically by residents of East Nusa Tenggara to treat hepatitis, typhoid, ulcers, and stamina restorers. The information of the active compounds contained in the faloak skin is not specifically published. This study aims to determine the active compounds contained in the bark of faloak as anticancer. The extraction was conducted with maceration method followed by a multilevel isolation method. The elucidation was carried out using information of IR spectra, 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR and LC-MS. The anticancer activity test on T47D breast cancer cells was also conducted using MTT method. Based on the results obtained, the active compound is naphthoquinone derivative compound which is 2,3-dihydro-6-hydroxy-2-methylenenaphtho [1,2-b] furan-4,5-dione that has anticancer activity on breast cancer cell (T47D) with IC50 value of 9.88 µg/mL and index selectivity value of 30.23.

Hybrid materials are composed of materials that have broad spectra absorption and can be added to other materials that improve their spectrum absorption. The characteristics of hybrid materials are the same characteristics as their constituent materials. When hybrid materials were added to organic compounds which combined with semiconductors, they can be used as photovoltaic applications. One of the most widely hybrid material research developments is its use as the solar cell. This research focused on TiO2/ZnO hybrid materials synthesis combined with anthocyanin as a pigment to determine the characteristics of the hybrid material obtained. In this research is to find the extent to which method applied that determines the success of the targeted hybrid materials formation. In the synthesis process for various ratios, TiO2 and ZnO have been formed a composite material which shown by diffractogram of characteristic peaks of TiO2 and ZnO and vibrations of Zn-O-Ti detected in FTIR spectra. Testing hybrid materials by using FTIR showed a C=O vibration of anthocyanin in material hybrid TiO2/ZnO-anthocyanin, than quality testing of hybrid materials was carried out using the DR UV-Vis instrument and was proved by enhancement of band gap energy between 3.2 to 3.3 eV