Abstract. In the present work the explosion welded joint produced between an Inconel 625 alloy and ASTM A516-70 carbon steel plates was investigated. After welding, the cladded plates were submitted to stress relief annealing at 600 °C for 3 h. The cross section of the cladded plates was examined in both as welded and heat treated conditions by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The hardness profile across the cladded interface was measured and the residual stress state created as a consequence of the explosion welding process was determined by X-ray diffraction. The experimental results showed that the Inconel 625 alloy adhered well to the ASTM SA516-70 steel, demonstrating the viability of the explosion cladding process for producing bimetal plates of the mentioned alloys. In the as welded condition, metallography analysis indicated severe plastic deformation close to the cladded interface and a wavy morphology characteristic of high bond strength. Elevated tensile residual stresses were created as a result of the welding process and considerable stress relaxation was attained by application of the proposed heat treatment.
Abstract. In the present work bimetal composite plates of ZERON 100 superduplex stainless steel and ASME SA516-70 carbon steel were produced by explosion welding and submitted to post weld heat treatment for stress relief. The cross section microstructure of the cladded plates was characterized by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy and the hardness profile across the weld interface was determined. Residual stress analysis by X-ray diffraction was performed before and after heat treatment on the stainless steel side of the cladded plates. In the aswelded condition, metallography analysis indicated severe plastic deformation at the welded interface and a wavy morphology characteristic of high adhesive strength. Elevated tensile residual stresses were created as a result of the welding process. The heat treatment process applied (6h at 250°C) did not alter hardness at the welded interface nor the residual stress state in the cladded materials.
Abstract. Explosion welding is a solid state joining process that allows the manufacturing of corrosion resistant structural composite materials in the form of plates. In the present work, composite bimetal plates of AL-6XN superaustenitic stainless steel and ASME SA516-70 carbon steel produced by explosion welded were studied. Post-weld annealing for stress relief was conducted at 600 °C for 30min and the materials were examined in both the as welded and heat treated conditions. The microstructure of the weld was characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy and the variation of hardness across the cladded interface was determined by applying Vickers microhardness. The residual stresses generated by the explosion welding process were analyzed by X-ray diffraction using the sin 2 ψ technique. The cladded interface exhibited a wavy morphology, characteristic of high bonding strength in explosion welds and the variation of hardness was found to be strongly influenced by strain hardening at the cladded interface. Elevated tensile stresses (700 ± 30 MPa) were present after explosion welding. Application of the proposed heat treatment allowed for significant stress relaxation, with a final tensile stress of 93 ± 10 MPa.
An adhesion testing device was built, based on the ASTM C 633-79 standard, to study the deposition of metallic coatings produced by the HVOF (high velocity oxygen fuel) thermal spray process with the materials 1342 VM, 1350 VM, and 8812, and by the arc spray (AS) process with the materials STELLIT 6 PM SD 38 EF, 97 MXC, and 140 MXC. This type of test is widely used as a tool to determine the influence of the conditions of the thermal spray technique, substrate surface and abrasive blasting on the strength, and adhesion of the sprayed layer on the substrate. The sprayed coatings were characterized based on their hardness, metallographic characteristics, and roughness measurements. They also underwent adhesion tests, and the fracture surfaces of each material were analyzed, revealing mixed results, i.e., different types of fractures involving cohesive fracture, adhesive failure, and adhesive fracture, according to the type of coating produced.
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