As fraturas do colo do fêmur são lesões pouco comuns em crianças, porém, devido à alta incidência de complicações a longo prazo, elas se tornam uma entidade clínica importante. Portanto, este estudo tem como objetivo retrospectivo apresentar os resultados clínicos das fraturas pediátricas do colo do fêmur tratadas em um período de dois anos em um hospital localizado no Rio Grande do Sul. Participaram do estudo quatro crianças que foram atendidas na unidade de urgência desse hospital. A média de idade dos pacientes incluídos foi de 12 anos. Acreditamos que a fixação externa das fraturas pediátricas do colo do fêmur pode ser uma alternativa viável para a fixação em casos de urgência, especialmente em pacientes politraumatizados que necessitam de internação na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) para uma mobilização precoce.
The objective of this study was to evaluate, by means of computer simulation, the difference in mechanical strength between two plate models straight and wave used in femur fracture fixation, submitting both to a progressive static axial load. There are criteria to evaluate the yield strength of a material: Tresca, Von Mises and Mohr-Coulomb. In this study, the Von-Mises strain criterion theory was used because it is used in fatigue strength tests of ductile materials, in this case, stainless steel. This criterion, indicates that the yielding of a solid material begins when it reaches a critical stress value. The models were built computationally using 3D modeling software. The finite element mathematical method was used to evaluate the stress and strain curve, two elements considered fundamental to verify the behavior of the metal during the application of stress and the displacement of the plates, to thus evaluate the strength of each. The results obtained after the finite element analysis show that the plates do not reach the critical limit for yielding, but the straight plate absorbs 10 times more stress compared to the wave plate. The wave plate allows the conclusion that there is decomposition of the applied force. Both plates remain in the elastic regime with load up to 1000 N. The load is equivalent to the weight of the body and gravity. It was concluded that the axial force applied in the caudal direction decomposes into resulting ones compared to the straight plate, which absorbs all the load and may reach the critical limit for yielding before the wave plate.
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