Two new species of the genus Thraulodes Ulmer are described from the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest and Caatinga biomes from the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. Thraulodes catoles sp. nov. is described based on the male imago and can be distinguished from all other congeners by possessing the forewings with three cross veins basal to bullae; a reddish band on the apex of the foreleg femora; styliger plate with digitiform dorsal extension and penes with an apicolateral “ear”, long spines, lapel on inner margin and lateral pouch present. Thraulodes calori sp. nov. is described based on male and female imagos and can be diagnosed by the three weak cross veins basal to bullae on forewings; the apex of styliger plate rounded without medial projection with lateral margins acuminated; and the penes short, wide and without lateral pouch. The key to Thraulodes from Brazil was updated to include the new species described for the genus.
Miroculis Edmunds represents one of the most species-rich genera amongst Neotropical leptophlebiids comprising 25 valid species, with 18 of them reported from Brazil. Although several species have been described throughout the years, the taxonomy of Miroculis has focused mainly on male imagos, with other semaphoronts often unknown. Here, Miroculis (Miroculis) niltoi sp. nov. is described based on nymphs and imagos from Chapada Diamantina’s Complex, Northeast Brazil. Male imagos of M. (M.) niltoi sp. nov. can be distinguished by the styliger plate being medially cleft with a well-sclerotized ventrally-directed process at the posteromedial margin, while female imagos can be distinguished by the egg guide being well-developed, reaching sternum IX, and sternum IX about as long as wide, with a shallow apical cleft. Together with Miroculis (Miroculis) samba Costa, Almeida & Salles and Miroculis (Miroculis) wolverine Costa, Almeida & Salles, M. (M.) niltoi sp. nov. represents species within Miroculis with male imago exhibiting both extremely long penes and styliger plate. Now, Miroculis comprises 26 valid species, with 19 of them reported from Brazil.
Hagenulopsis diptera Ulmer, type species of the genus Hagenulopsis, was originally described based on imagos from Santa Catarina State, Southern Brazil. Misconceptions of H. diptera circumscription led to erroneous attribution of material from Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo, Southeastern Brazil, to H. diptera. Despite the increase in the number of species attributed to Hagenulopsis, little attention has been given to the type species. After comparative examination of photographs of the holotype and fresh material of H. diptera from Southeastern Brazil, we conclude that many specimens previously assigned to H. diptera represent a new species. Thus, we redescribe H. diptera and describe a new species Hagenulopsis perere sp. nov. based on eggs, nymphs and imagos. Diagnostic features of Hagenulopsis perere sp. nov. include cross veins between C and RP1 strongly clouded with brown and outer surface of mid femur with a brown spot at midlength. Finally, comments and new records are presented for Hagenulopsis minuta Spieth.
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