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Introduction: In humans, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) can damage some tissue when the immune systems was decrease. Natural product from the plant often used to improve immune response against microorganism including virus. This study aimed to determine the potential antioxidant of lemongrass extract (C . nardus) with various dosage that can provide immunomodulatory effects and find an optimal dosage to be used.  Methods: The method used observasional analytic, using animal model of 30 male mice strain BALB/C, weight 25-30 gram, divided into 5 groups; the positive control group was given 0.05 mL of  0.05% CMC within 14 days, negative control group was given IMBOOST® tablet 200 mg/kg body weight (bw) within 14 days, treatment groups  were given C. nardus extract with various doses 50 mg/kg bw, 150 mg/kg bw, and 300 mg/kg bw.  In day 21 all group were injected with 0,2 ml of  pathogen bacterial (S. aureus). Blood samples were taken three times: 7th day, 14th day, and 21th day. Results: The results showed that lemongrass extract (C. nardus) was able to influence the leukocyte and lymphocytes count with significant different (p<0.05). The optimal dose is 150 mg/kg body weight. Conclusion: The antioxidant compounds that contain in the C. nardus extract have an ability to increasing the immune system in the dose 150 mg/kg bw , but in the dose 300 mg/kg bw became toxic that can make a skin injury or death in animal test.

Introduction: Male infertility can be caused by many factors. One of which is environmental pollution such as lead acetate. Lead acetate exposure can increase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), affecting spermatozoa quality. Natural antioxidants and flavonoid on Lemongrass (C. nardus) have a great potential for protecting the male reproductive system. This study aimed to analyze the effect of giving various dosages of C. nardus extract on the sperm quality of mice. Methods: The Balb/C male mice were divided into five equal groups. The negative control group was injected with 0.01 ml Na-CMC 0.5% within 40 days, and the positive control group was injected with 0.01 ml lead acetate 7 mg/kg BW within 5 days, the treatment groups were injected by 0.01 ml lead acetate 7 mg/kg body weight within 5 days and continuously injected by 0.01 ml of C. nardus extract with various dosage 25 mg/kg BW, 50 mg/kg BW, and 100 mg/kg BW within 35 days. At the end of the experiment, mice were sacrificed, and sperm suspensions were collected from cauda epididymal to measure the morphology, concentration, and motility.Results: The results showed that giving C. nardus extract could repair morphology, concentration, and motility of spermatozoa with significantly different (p<0.05). The 25 mg/kg BW dose has a good protective effect. Conclusion: The C. nardus extract can repair the decreasing sperm quality caused by lead acetate exposure.

Citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus) is a plant containing many metabolite compounds which prevent and treat various diseases, one of which is cancer. Antioxidant compounds found in citronella have been shown to improve the immune system by increasing cytokines. The activity of changing homeostasis generates free radicals. Free radicals causing protein damage so that Heat Shock Protein-70 (HSP70) is overexpressed. HSP70 has a role as a chaperon. Mutations in the anti-apoptotic protein HSP70 are one of the causes of cancer. This current research aims to determine the potential of compounds present in the citronella plant stem as anti-cancer through inhibition of HSP-70. The method was a bioinformatics approach, namely the in-silico method which provided a simulation of binding protein ligands to HSP-70 as inhibitor mechanism. The results of this study indicated that there was a potential for citronella compounds, namely spathulenol binding to HSP-70. Spathulenol compounds interact with Hsp70 via the positions Thr204, Gly12, Gly203, Thr14, Lys71, Asp10, Val369, Asp199, Val337, Gly338, Asp366, Gly339, Pro365, Glys201, & Glys202 with Van der Waals bonds and hydrogen bonds on Thr13. In the complex, there was one unfavorable bond formed on the O atom of the query ligand. From the results above, it can be concluded that the Spathulenol compound is predicted to act as an inhibitor of Hsp70 protein activity because it inhibits the binding site of the native ligand on Hsp70. The stability of the binding interaction produced by Spathulenol allows a response to Hsp70 inhibitor activity. By inhibiting the activity of Hsp70 inhibitors, it is possible to inhibit the formation and proliferation of cancer cells

This study aimed to detection of protein profile, expression of metalothionein (MT) protein, and analyze difference of MT density in liver and gill in one of Carp fish that is Barbonymus balleroides in the upstream and downstream of Brantas river. The method used observasional analytic, Two individual of Barbonymus balleroides samples taken three times (with difference of month) from two station there are upstream and downstream of Brantas river. Analysis protein profile used electrophoresis SDS-PAGE (15%), expression and density of MT used western blot method and imageJ software. Difference between MT density in liver and gill of Barbonymus balleroides in the upstream and downstream of Brantas river analyzed with Two-way ANOVA. The results showed, protein profile in liver and gill Barbonymus balleroides in the upstream and downstream Brantas river have molecular weight about 8-93 kDa, expression of MT showed band of MT with molecular weight 24 kDa, results of MT density in liver and gill on upstream and downstream, continuously 231.29 MT/µm2 and 229.87MT/µm2, 232.41 MT/µm2 and  231.56 MT/µm2 but there is not significant.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek perlindungan ekstrak serai wangi Cymbopogon nardus (C. nardus) terhadap induksi timbal asetat. Sebanyak 25 mencit jantan strain BALB/C secara acak dibagi menjadi lima kelompok. Kelompok kontrol negatif hanya mendapat injeksi sub cutan Na-CMC 0,5% selama 30 hari ; kontrol positif  diinjeksi sub cutan timbal asetat sebanyak 7 mg/kg bb selama 5 hari; P1, P2, dan P3 secara berturut-turut diinjeksi sub cutan timbal asetat 7 mg/kg bb selama 5 hari kemudian dilanjutkan dengan injeksi ekstrak C. nardus sebanyak 25, 50, dan 100 mg/kg bb selama 25 hari. Pada akhir penelitian semua mencit dikorbankan dan dilakukan koleksi testis. Jaringan testis diproses menggunakan pewarnaan Hematoxylin-Eosin. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan sel spermatogonia, sel spermatosit, dan sel spermatid serta diameter tubulus seminiferus dibandingkan dengan kelompok positif. Dosis optimal yang paling mampu memperbaiki kerusakan jaringan testis yaitu 25 mg/kg bb. This study aimed to determine the protective effect of Cymbopogon nardus (C. nardus) extract against lead acetate exposure. A total of 25 male mice BALB/C were randomly divided into five groups. The negative control group only received 0.5% Na-CMC subcutaneously for 30 days; positive control was given 7 mg/kg bw of lead acetate subcutaneously for 5 days; P1, P2, and P3 were sequentially injected with 7 mg/kg bw subcutaneously for 5 days followed by injection of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg bw of C. nardus extract for 25 days. At the end of the study all mice were sacrificed and testes were collected. Testicular tissue using Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. The results showed that there was an increase in spermatogonia cells, spermatocytes, and spermatid cells as well as the diameter of the seminiferous tubules compared to the positive group. The optimal dose most capable of repairing testicular tissue damage was 25 mg/kg bw.

Pemilahan dan pengolahan sampah masih menjadi cara yang dibutuhkan masyarakat untuk mengurangi masalah lingkungan. Pemanfaatan sampah organic menjadi salah satu produk yang bernilai ekonomis menjadi salah satu solusi yaitu pemanfaatan sampah untuk pakan dalam budidaya maggot black soldier fly (BSF). Tim PHP2D Prodi Biologi Universitas Muhammadiyah lamongan memberikan solusi dengan memanfaatkan sampah organic untuk pakan budidaya maggot dalam upaya mengurai permasalahan di Kelurahan Blimbing, Kecamatan Paciran, Kabupaten Lamongan. Tujuan dari program ini adalah memberikan pendampingan dan pelatihan guna pembedayaan msyarakat dalam mengolah sampah organik bernilai eknonomis. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian ini diawali dengan penyuluhan atau sosialisasi, kemudian dilanjut dengan diadakannya pelatihan bersama dengan masyarakat setempat dalam pembuatan instalasi serta teknis budidaya black soldier fly (BSF). Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah terciptanya produk maggot lalat black soldier fly (BSF) dalam produk kemasan siap jual. Seluruh kegiatan pelatihan berjalan dengan sukses. Proses budidaya telah melalui satu siklus hidup BSF dan dihasilkan produk maggot BSF yang siap untuk dipasarkan. Monitoring dan evaluasi program menunjukkan adanya timbal balik yang positif dari peserta.

Waste problems are becoming increasingly complex due to the lack of waste processing facilities, low public knowledge about waste management, and the rapid population growth in Paciran District, Lamongan Regency. This activity is carried out with the aim of utilizing it by sorting waste and processing it so that it can produce products. Trash that is scattered on the road is generally due to the low awareness of the surrounding community to dispose of waste in its place. Community service activities are carried out by socialization and training. The socialization carried out is to provide counseling to the community about how to dispose of waste and sorting household waste. Training was conducted for TPS3R officers on how to sort and use them. Organic waste obtained from food scraps is used as maggot feed, while inorganic waste is sold to collectors so that it can increase people's income in the Blimbing village. Apart from that, this activity also produced a BSF (Black Soldier Fly) installation, which is a place for maggot cultivation. It is hoped that in the future this community service activity can be carried out in a sustainable manner, so that the waste in the Blimbing sub-district can be utilized into something of economic value.