PurposeThis study estimated total import demand elasticities concerning income, import prices and domestic prices. A high propensity to import constitutes a significant obstacle to economic growth in Mexico since the benefits of increased exports or any other aggregate demand expansion leak to the rest of the world.Design/methodology/approachThis paper estimated a Vector Error Correction Model of the total import demand elasticities concerning income, import prices and domestic prices. Total imports are a dependent variable, while Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and import and domestic prices are the independent variables.FindingsThe principal finding is that an increase of 1 peso in the Mexican GDP leads to a rise of 0.50 pesos in Mexican imports; the elasticity of import demand for prices is low. Still, the elasticity of import demand for domestic prices is 2.14 times greater than that for import prices. These results have significant economic policy implications, such as promoting the expansion of the domestic market and the national content of exports.Research limitations/implicationsIt is tempting to estimate the import demand function for the entire 1993–2019 period since such data is available. But by doing so, the authors would overestimate the propensity to import, given that from 1993 to 2019, the proportion of imports as a percentage of GDP went from 11.37 in 1993 to 29.66 in 2019. Therefore, it makes more sense to estimate the import demand function from 2000 to 2019, a period with a stable proportion of imports to GDP.Originality/valueA high level of imports in developing countries means that much of their aggregate demand is filtered abroad. Therefore, the low impact of its exports on GDP is related to the Mexican economy’s high imports. The authors calculate this relationship with new data and methods.
El texto muestra la construcción y utilidad de una Matriz de Contabilidad Social (MCS) para México 2013; presenta la metodología para su elaboración, características y cualidades como herramienta contable para la evaluación de la política económica vinculada al estudio del crecimiento y desarrollo económico. La MCS incluye 21 sectores económicos, cuatro tipos deindustrias de bienes de importación y cuatro sectores institucionales subdivididos en hogaresde ingreso bajo, medio y alto; así como sociedades financieras y no financieras públicas y privadas, gobierno y resto del mundo.
Siguiendo la teoría del crecimiento endógeno, este documento estudia, empleando series de tiempo, el efecto de las tasas de crecimiento de capital TIC y empleo calificado sobre el valor agregado para la economía mexicana entre 1990-2019. Los resultados demuestran una relación positiva y significativa entre la incorporación de capital de alta tecnología y trabajadores con mayor nivel educativo en los procesos productivos. Se concluye que, el grado de cualificación del trabajo aumenta la eficiencia en el uso de nuevas tecnologías y tiene un mayor efecto en el crecimiento del PIB; además, se encuentra que la combinación de empleo calificado y TIC crea sinergias que posibilitan la innovación.
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