Despite the pervasiveness of IoT domotic devices in the home automation landscape, their potential is still quite under-exploited due to the high heterogeneity and the scarce expressivity of the most commonly adopted scenario programming paradigms. The aim of this study is to show that Semantic Web technologies constitute a viable solution to tackle not only the interoperability issues, but also the overall programming complexity of modern IoT home automation scenarios. For this purpose, we developed a knowledge-based home automation system in which scenarios are the result of logical inferences over the IoT sensors data combined with formalised knowledge. In particular, we describe how the SWRL language can be employed to overcome the limitations of the well-known trigger-action paradigm. Through various experiments in three distinct scenarios, we demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed approach and its applicability in a standardised and validated context such as SAREF
SAREF is an ontology created to enable interoperability between smart devices. While the IoT community has shown interest and understanding of SAREF as a means for interoperability, there is a lack in the literature of practical examples to implement SAREF in real applications. In order to validate the practical implementation of SAREF we perform two experiments. First we map IoT data available in a smart home into RDF using SAREF. In the second part of the paper an IoT environment is created by using the Knowledge Engine, a framework created to allow communication between smart devices, operating on Raspberry Pi’s emulating IoT devices, where the communication of the IoT devices is performed by sharing knowledge represented with SAREF. These experiments demonstrate that SAREF is an ontology that is successfully applicable in different situations, with data-mapping showing that SAREF is able to represent the information of different smart devices and by using the Knowledge Engine showing that SAREF can enable interoperability between smart devices.
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