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Abstract-Energy is extracted recently from the waste products. Environmental pollutions are being minimized along with the addition of considerable amount of energy beside the conventional sources. The energy extracted from the waste leads a hope of alternative fuel for internal combustion engines as well as to meet other requirement. Common energy conversion method uses tire, wood, rubber to derived energy through pyrolysis. About 9.25% gaseous, 43% liquid, and 47% solid product are obtained from tire pyrolysis process at around 450°C temperature. The liquid fuel is directly used in the engines and that phase is a mixture of complex hydrocarbon. In this work Fractional Distillation, oxidative desulfurization and de-colorization for upgrading liquid product has been conducted. In fractional distillation 30%, 20%, 6.35%, 6%, 4.5%, and 1.3% by volume oils are obtained at over the temperature ranges-121-180°C, 211-260°C, 71-120°C, 191-210°C, 181-190°C, and 40-70°C. Then by desulfurization around 54-58% sulphur was removed. For desulfurization hydrogen peroxide and formic acid (2:1 ratio) are used at constant temperature and magnetic stirring rate. The obtained fraction was characterized by elemental analyses, FT-IR techniques and compared with conventional diesel fuel. Sludge oil parts may be used as furnace oil which has higher calorific value than that of other conventional furnace oils. The rest of 40-70°C and 71-120°C oil parts may be used as alternative fuel like kerosene. Thus, the aim of the present study is to investigate the suitability of pyrolysis oil as an alternative fuel for IC engine.

NACA 0015 and NACA 4415 aerofoil are most common four digits and broadly used aerodynamic shape. Both of the shapes are extensively used for various kind of applications including turbine blade, aircraft wing and so on. NACA 0015 is symmetrical and NACA 4415 is unsymmetrical in shape. Consequently, they have big one-of-a-kind in aerodynamic traits at the side of widespread differences of their utility and performance. Both of them undergo the same fluid principle while applied in any fluid medium giving dissimilar outcomes in aerodynamics behavior. On this work, experimental and numerical investigation of each NACA 0015 and NACA 4415 is done to decide their performance. For this purpose, aerofoil section is tested for a prevalence range attack of angle (AOA). The study addresses the performance of NACA 0015 and NACA 4415 and evaluates the dynamics of flow separation, lift, drag, pressure and velocity contour and so on. This additionally enables to layout new optimistic aerofoil, which is critical to enhance the efficiency and performance of an aircraft in terms of lift enhancement and drag reduction.

Abstract-An aerofoil is a streamline body. Symmetric aerofoil (NACA 0015) is used in many applications such as in aircraft submarine fins, rotary and some fixed wings. The ultimate objective of an aerofoil is to obtain the lift necessary to keep an airplane in the air. But construction of the blade with proper angle of attack and implementation has significant effect on lift force. Insufficient lift force might cause fail of airplane flying, especially at high speed. Modern technologists use different simulation techniques to avoid costly model testing. But simulation is based on some assumption. Thus practically results are not fully authentic and have a deviation. In this work numerical and experimental investigation of NACA 0015 is studied at different angle of attack (degree) at different velocity of air by determining the forces at every two degrees from 0 0 to 18 0 . The experiment is conveyed in a low speed wind tunnel. The numerical analysis is conducted using ANSYS (combined with CFD and FLUENT FLOW). The use of the CFD technology greatly reduces the overall investment and efforts for aerofoil design. CFD method contributes to visualize the flow pattern inside aerofoil and takes less time and comparatively faster than experiment. After completing the experimental, numerical data is compared. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to find the deviation and validation of aerodynamics characteristics of NACA 0015 aerofoil for experimental and numerical method.

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In this era of modern civilization, liquid fuel transport is mandatory around the world. But there has been several oil spilling accidents around the world and their negative effects are against all the living elements. In the last decades Bangladesh face such problem randomly in sea area and as well as in the river side damaging a large number of livings alongside the river having a badly effect on the entire ecology. The local residents collect the spilled oil manually. The system is less efficient, slow and health hazardous. Belt Oil skimmers using Polymer, Teflon, Elastomer, Corrosion Resistant Steel materials belt are widely used for recovery of this oil. However, they are costly and unavailable. In this work a low cost simple blanket belt skimmer device by using locally available equipment that will be capable to absorb the spilled oil rapidly from river water that is filled with animal and plant waste. After constructing such oil skimmer, the performance is evaluated that accomplish two types of oil having different physical properties. Experimental analysis gives around 190 litre/hour of Sample-1 oil whereas absorption rate for the Sample-2 oil is around 253 litre/hour for the constructed device with minimum cost compare to the other conventional belt oil skimmer.

Controlled-release Nitrogen Fertilizers (CRNFs) are an effective fertilization technique by minimizing nutrient loss and making Nitrogen (N) available to plants as they grow. Biochar-based CRNF (BCRNF) technologies have been demonstrated very promising in increase of corn yield. Despite the beneficial effects of BCRNFs, their impacts on prokaryotic and fungal soil communities are not well evaluated. Different formulations of BCRNF were developed to investigate their effects on corn productivity. We analyzed the soil microbes and their functional potential under different BCRNF regimes using amplified V3–V4 region of 16s rRNA for determining prokaryotic, and ITS genes for fungal communities. The soil prokaryotic diversity was similar across the treatments, with differences in prokaryotic genera with relative abundance of 0.1% or less in the soil (p < 0.05). In contrast, the fungal community diversity was different only for unfertilized soil. It had a high relative abundance for Aspergillus. Genus level comparison showed that Pseudofabraea was higher in Bioasphalt-based BCRNF compared to other treatments. Moreover, the N-fixing communities in soil were also similar across the treatments. At genus level, Microvirga, Azospirillum, and Methyloprofundus were highest in no-fertilizer control. The functional potential predictions using PICRUSt2 portrayed a consistent N-cycling functions across the treatments. However, the predicted gene functions related to nitrous-oxide reductase (nosZ) and hydroxylamine reductase (hcp) were significantly lower in soil receiving BCRNF containing biosolid. Overall, BCRNF treatments previously identified to increase corn yield displayed minimal shifts in the soil microbial communities. Thus, such novel fertilization would enable increased crop yield without affecting soil communities leading to sustainable crop production.

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