Purpose Although the EDE-Q is derived from the "gold standard" for the assessment of Eating Disorders (ED), its factor structure is controversial, particularly in male samples. The aim of the study was to examine the psychometric properties and factor structure of the EDE-Q, as well to stablish a sensitive and speci c cut-off point validated by EDE clinical interview.Methods A series of Con rmatory Factor Analyses were performed among a representative sample of 796 male university students, of whom 139 were interviewed. Sensitivity and speci city were calculated by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis to determinate the most appropriate cut-off value.Results The original factor structure was not con rmed, showing a better t with a 2-factor solution. For the Spanish male sample, a cut-off ≥ 1.09 for at-risk of ED cases and ≥ 2.41 for clinical cases presents an optimal balance between sensitivity and speci city.Conclusions The establishment of speci c cut-off points for males may help to reduce the underdiagnosis of ED in this population.Level of evidence III Evidence obtained from well-designed case-control study.
Men are more vulnerable to engaging in pathological behaviors related to physical exercise. Compulsive Exercise Test (CET) is one of the most used measures of pathological exercise. However, there are some inconsistencies regarding their psychometric properties, especially in male samples. The aim was to psychometrically evaluate the Spanish version of the CET in a representative sample of Spanish males. 750 male university students responded to the CET together with the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory Revised, Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory and International Physical Activity Questionnaire. To assess the internal structure, two models of the CET was tested by confirmatory factor analysis. Measurement invariance by competitive level, internal consistency, convergent and concurrent validity was also studied. Results did not replicate the original five-factor. In contrast, the three-factor solution was supported, as well as the measurement invariance. Convergent and concurrent validity was confirmed by correlations with muscle dysmorphia symptomatology, obsessiveness and vigorous physical activity. Adequate levels of internal consistency were shown for the scale. The Spanish CET is a reliable and valid instrument although further research is required addressing specific problematic cognitions and behaviors related to compulsive exercise, which affects mainly males. Los varones son mas vulnerables a realizar conductas patológicas relacionadas con el ejercicio físico. El Cuestionario de Ejercicio Compulsivo (CET) es una de las medidas mas utilizadas sobre ejercicio patológico. Sin embargo, existen algunas inconsistencias con respecto a sus propiedades psicométricas, especialmente en muestras masculinas. El objetivo fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión española del CET en una muestra representativa de varones. 750 estudiantes universitarios varones respondieron al CET junto con el Inventario Revisado de Obsesividad-Compulsividad, Inventario de Trastorno Dismórfico Muscular y Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física. Para evaluar la estructura interna, se probaron dos modelos mediante Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio. Se estudió la invarianza de la escala en función del nivel competitivo, la consistencia interna, la validez convergente y concurrente. Los resultados no replicaron la estructura original de cinco factores. Por el contrario, se apoyó una solución de tres factores, así como la invarianza de la escala. La validez convergente y concurrente fue confirmada por la correlación con la sintomatología de dismorfia muscular, la obsesividad y el ejercicio físico vigoroso. La escala muestra buena consistencia interna. La versión española del CET es un instrumento fiable y válido, aunque se requiere de mayor investigación que aborde las cogniciones y conductas patológicas relacionadas con el ejercicio compulsivo, que afectan mayoritariamente a los varones. Os varões são mais vulneráveis a comportamentos patológicos relacionados com o exercício físico. O Teste de Exercício Compulsivo (Compulsive Exercise Test, CET, em Inglês) é uma das medidas de exercício patológico mais amplamente utilizadas. Contudo, existem algumas inconsistências no que diz respeito às suas propriedades psicométricas, especialmente em amostras masculinas. O objetivo era avaliar as propriedades psicométricas da versão espanhola do CET numa amostra representativa de homens. 750 estudantes universitários varões responderam ao CET juntamente com o Inventário Obsessivo-Compulsivo Revisado, Inventário de Desordens Dismórficas Musculares e o Questionário Internacional de Actividade Física. Para avaliar a estrutura interna, dois modelos foram testados por Análise Confirmativa de Fatores. A invariância da escala também foi estudada em função do nível competitivo, da consistência interna, e da validade da convergência e concorrente. Os resultados não reproduziram a estrutura original de cinco fatores. Mas em vez disso, foi mostrada a solução de três fatores, bem como a invariância da escala. A validade convergente e simultânea foi confirmada pela correlação com a sintomatologia da dismorfia muscular, obsessividade e exercício físico vigoroso. A escala mostra uma boa consistência interna. A versão espanhola do CET é um instrumento fiável e válido, embora seja necessária mais investigação para abordar os comportamentos cognitivos e patológicos relacionados com o exercício compulsivo, que afetam sobretudo aos homens.
Purpose Although the EDE-Q is derived from the “gold standard” for the assessment of Eating Disorders (ED), its factor structure is controversial, particularly in male samples. The aim of the study was to examine the psychometric properties and factor structure of the EDE-Q, as well to stablish a sensitive and specific cut-off point validated by EDE clinical interview. Methods A series of Confirmatory Factor Analyses were performed among a representative sample of 796 male university students, of whom 139 were interviewed. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis to determinate the most appropriate cut-off value. Results The original factor structure was not confirmed, showing a better fit with a 2-factor solution. For the Spanish male sample, a cut-off ≥ 1.09 for at-risk of ED cases and ≥ 2.41 for clinical cases presents an optimal balance between sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions The establishment of specific cut-off points for males may help to reduce the under-diagnosis of ED in this population.Level of evidence III Evidence obtained from well-designed case-control study.
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