Efficiency in removing particulate matter from Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp culture effluent was assessed in laboratory scale employing sedimentation and oysters Crassostrea gigas and C. rhizophorae filtration processes. Cylindroconical tanks (100 L) were used in duplicate for sedimentation and 50-L in triplicate for oyster filtration. Fifteen oysters of each species weighing 76-80 g were stocked in each of the filtration treatment experimental units (biomass of 1065 - 1174 g oyster per unit). The control treatment was a tank similar to those used in the filtration treatment but with empty oyster shells. Hydraulic retention time of the effluent was of 6 hours in each treatment. First, effluent went through sedimentation, and then the supernatant went through the filtration tanks. Temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, turbidity, total suspended solids, total volatile solids, chlorophyll a and BOD5 were evaluated. During sedimentation and filtration, temperature, pH, salinity and dissolved oxygen concentration remained stable. Sedimentation removed 18, 5.6, 27.5, 45.40 and 23.2% of turbidity, total suspended solids, total volatile solids, chlorophyll a and BOD5, respectively. Chlorophyll a and BOD5 after sedimentation presented significant difference (P<0.05) from the farm crude effluent. For the filtration treatment, C. rhizophorae was more efficient removing 62.1, 70.6, 36.1, 100 and 17.2% of turbidity, total suspended solids, total volatile solids, chlorophyll a and BOD5, respectively, whereas C. gigas removed 56.3, 41.2, 27.8, 51.4 and 8.0% of the same parameters. Statistically comparing C. rhizophorae and C. gigas performances, there were differences (P<0.05) in removing total suspended solids, total volatile solids and chlorophyll a.
Em escala laboratorial, foi comparada a eficiência de remoção de material particulado presente no efluente do cultivo de camarão branco Litopenaeus vannamei, mediante o processo de sedimentação e filtração com ostra nativa Crassostrea rhizophorae e com ostra do pacifico Crassostrea gigas. No processo de sedimentação foram empregados tanques cilindro cônico, em duplicata, de cor preta com 100 L de capacidade total. Para o processo de filtração foram empregados tanques cilindro cônicos, em triplicata, de cor preta de 50 L de volume total. No tratamento de filtração cada unidade experimental foi estocada com 15 indivíduos de ostras de ambas as espécies, com peso médio entre 76 - 80 g, mantendo uma biomassa entre 1.065 e 1.174 g ostra por unidade. Também foi empregado um tanque com as mesmas características ao de filtração, como controle, contendo apenas conchas de moluscos sem animal. O tempo de retenção hidráulica do efluente, em cada tratamento, foi de 6 horas, passando primeiro pelo processo de sedimentação e posteriormente o sobrenadante foi transferido para a filtração. As variáveis avaliadas no estudo foram pH, temperatura, oxigênio dissolvido, salinidade, turbidez, sólidos suspensos totais, sólidos voláteis totais, clorofila a e DBO5. No processo de sedimentação e de...
Crecimiento y capacidad de biorremediación de Chlorella vulgaris (Trebouxiophycea, Chlorophyta) cultivada en aguas residuales generadas en el cultivo del pez dorado Seriola lalandi (Perciformes: Carangidae) Growth and bioremediation capacity of Chlorella vulgaris (Trebouxiophycea, Chlorophyta) cultivated in wastewater generated in the fish farming of the yellowtail amberjack Seriola lalandi (Perciformes: Carangidae
RESUMEN. La eficiencia de remoción de materia particulada y nutrientes disueltos de efluentes de estanques de reproductores de Litopenaeus vannamei fue evaluada a escala de laboratorio, empleando tratamientos de sedimentación, filtración por Crassostrea rhizophorae y absorción por Ulva fasciata. En cada tratamiento se empleó un tiempo de residencia hidráulica del efluente de seis horas. En la etapa de sedimentación se utilizaron estanques con 90 L del efluente. Para la etapa de filtración, se emplearon estanques con 20 L del efluente sobrenadante de la etapa de sedimentación. En la absorción se utilizaron estanques con 15 L del efluente sobrenadante de la etapa de filtración. Al final de cada etapa se colectaron muestras de 500 mL para los análisis de calidad de agua. Los resultados indicaron que en la sedimentación, la turbidez, clorofila-a y sólidos suspendidos totales presentaron una remoción de 93,8%, 94,5% y 65,9%, respectivamente. La filtración alcanzó eficiencias de 89,3% y 100% para bacterias totales y clorofila a, respectivamente. En la absorción, fosfato (Po 4 -3 ), amonio (N-NH 4 -) y nitrato (N-N0 3 ) fueron reducidos en 53,6%, 49,6% y 70,2%, respectivamente, en relación a los valores del estanque control. Los tratamientos combinados de sedimentación, filtración y absorción, bacterias totales (95,1%), turbidez (97,1%) sólidos suspendidos totales (81,3%), clorofila-a (99,1%), amonio (54,1%), nitrito (58,0%), nitrato (69,2%) y fosfato (52,9%), presentaron una alta eficiencia de remoción, en relación a los valores del efluente bruto. Se concluye que la combinación de tratamientos mejora significativamente la calidad de los efluentes del cultivo del camarón Litopenaeus vannamei. Palabras clave: efluente, camarón, sedimentación, biofiltración, macroalga, ostra. Treatments of effluents from Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp cultures through sedimentation, filtration and absorptionABSTRACT. Efficiency in removing particulate matter and dissolved nutrients from the effluents of reproductive tanks of the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei was evaluated on the laboratory scale using three treatments sedimentation, filtration by Crassostrea rhizophorae and absorption by Ulva fasciata. For each treatment, we used a six-hour water residence time. For the sedimentation stage, tanks were filled with 90 L of the effluent. For the filtration stage, tanks were filled with 20 L of the supernatant resulting from the effluent after sedimentation. For the absorption stage, tanks were filled with 15 L of the supernatant resulting from the effluent after filtration. At the end of each treatment we collected 500 mL to analyze the water quality. During sedimentation, turbidity, chlorophyll-a and total suspended solids were reduced in 93.8%, 94.5% and 65.9%, respectively. The filtration treatment, achieved high levels of efficiency for removing bacteria (89.3%) and chlorophyll-a (100%). The absorption treatment reduce orthophosphate ), ammonia (N-NH 4 -) and nitrate (N-NO 3 ) in 53.6%, 49.6%, and 70.2%, respectively, compared to the contr...
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