In this work, electroluminescence in Metal-Insulator-Semiconductors (MIS) and Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM)-type structures was studied. These structures were fabricated with single- and double-layer silicon-rich-oxide (SRO) films by means of Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition (HFCVD), gold and indium tin oxide (ITO) were used on silicon and quartz substrates as a back and front contact, respectively. The thickness, refractive indices, and excess silicon of the SRO films were analyzed. The behavior of the MIS and MIM-type structures and the effects of the pristine current-voltage (I-V) curves with high and low conduction states are presented. The structures exhibit different conduction mechanisms as the Ohmic, Poole–Frenkel, Fowler–Nordheim, and Hopping that contribute to carrier transport in the SRO films. These conduction mechanisms are related to the electroluminescence spectra obtained from the MIS and MIM-like structures with SRO films. The electroluminescence present in these structures has shown bright dots in the low current of 36 uA with a voltage of −20 V to −50 V. However, when applied voltages greater than −67 V with 270 uA, a full area with uniform blue light emission is shown.
There still exists an indisputable growing demand for water around the world, therefore is of major interest to recycle and reuse water. One of the effective measures to help solve the water shortage problem involves recycling of urine. Urea is one of the most common compounds found in urine, and its degradation has been a matter of study for several years. Although the use of urease for urea decomposition is well known, none of the previously published reports involved the complete oxidation of urea to nitrogen. This work presents an innovative technique that integrates the use of a urease-positive bacteria, Proteus vulgaris, for such purposes. In addition platinum will be used as catalyst for the ammonium oxidation in order to obtain energy in the process. In this work the bacterial oxidation of urea to ammonia was chronoamperometrically detected by a polycrystalline platinum disk electrode. The ureolysis of the urea solution was done at several alkaline levels to find the compromising conditions for the bacterial and electrochemical reactions in synthetic urine.
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