ResumoProcurou-se obter uma primeira estimativa do impacto econômico das lesões e envenenamentos no Brasil, medido através dos gastos hospitalares com internação -dias de permanência geral e em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. São analisadas internações em hospitais conveniados com o Sistema Único de Saú-de, através das AIH-Autorização de Internação Hospitalar, sendo verificado que essas internações geram um gasto anual, correspondendo a, aproximadamente, 0,07 do Produto Interno Bruto do País. Com relação à mortalidade, o impacto econômico foi analisado por meio do indicador Anos Potenciais de Vida Perdidos. Os acidentes e violências representaram cerca de 2,6 milhões de anos de vida perdidos, em 1981, e 3,4 milhões, em 1991. O aumento verificado foi cerca de 30%, enquanto que para o conjunto de dados os óbitos apresentaram-se em queda. Apesar de algumas limitações, é possível estimar a dimensão geral do impacto econômico das causas externas. Espera-se que essas limitações sirvam de estímulo a novas investigações e aprofundamentos.Ferimentos e lesões, economia. Envenenamento, economia. Mortalidade hospitalar.
AbstractThe study seeks to make a first estimate of the economic impact of lesions and poisonings in Brazil, measured in terms of hospital expenses on internments -in days of general permanence and in Intensive Care Units. Internments is hospital under contracts with the United Health System are analysed by means of the AIH -Authorization for Hospital Internment. These internments involve expenses per annum corresponding to approximately 0.07% of the GNP of the country. With regard to mortality, the economic impact has been analysed by the use of the Potential Years of Life Lost indicator. It may be verified that accidents and acts of violence represented about 2.6 million years of life lost in 1981, and 3.4 millions in 1991. The increase was thus of about 30%, even though for the total of data deaths showed a reduction. Despite some limitations, it is possible to estimate the general magnitude of the economic impact of external causes of death. It is hoped that these limitations may serve as a stimulus to new and deeper investigations.
This study analyzes health and economic aspects of occupational safety in Latin America and the Caribbean. Work-related injuries and illnesses represent a primary health risk in the region. Specific factors negatively affect work safety in the region: the structure of the labour market, the lack of adequate resources for enforcement, prevention and research, the hazard profile, as well as the presence of vulnerable groups in the workforce. This study estimates that between 27,270 and 73,500 occupational fatal accidents occur in the region each year. It also calculates that the economic costs of these hazards represent between 2 and 4% of regional Gross Domestic Product. The paper concludes by discussing public policies that could address this problem and improve compliance with appropriate safety standards in the region.
The findings in this paper argue for the need to incorporate a rights-based approach to health policy as a foundation of societal efforts to achieve universal health coverage in Latin America.
The tobacco tax increase passed by Colombia has substantial implications for the country's population health and financial well-being, with large benefits likely to accrue to the two poorest quintiles of the population.
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