No abstract

Glaciotectonic features studied in the siliciclastic deposits of Cabeças Formation, Upper Devonian, represent the first evidence of Famennian glaciation in Southeastern Parnaíba Basin, Brazil. Outcrop-based stratigraphic and facies analyses combined with geometric-structural studies of these deposits allowed defining three facies association (FA). They represent the advance-retreat cycle of a glacier. There are: delta front facies association (FA1) composed of massive mudstone, sigmoidal, medium-grained sandstone with cross-bedding and massive conglomerate organized in coarsening-and thickening-upward cycles; subglacial facies association (FA2) with massive, pebbly diamictite (sandstone, mudstone and volcanic pebbles) and deformational features, such as intraformational breccia, clastic dikes and sills of diamictite, folds, thrust and normal faults, sandstone pods and detachment surface; and melt-out delta front facies associations (FA3), which include massive or bedded (sigmoidal cross-bedding or parallel bedding) sandstones. Three depositional phases can be indicated to Cabeças Formation: installation of a delta system (FA1) supplied by uplifted areas in the Southeastern border of the basin; coastal glacier advance causing tangential substrate shearing and erosion (FA1) in the subglacial zone (FA2), thus developing detachment surface, disruption and rotation of sand beds or pods immersed in a diamicton; and retreat of glaciers accompanied by relative sea level-rise, installation of a high-energy melt-out delta (FA3) and unloading due to ice retreat that generates normal faults, mass landslide, folding and injection dykes and sills. The continuous sea-level rise led to the deposition of fine-grained strata of Longá Formation in the offshore/shoreface transition in the Early Carboniferous.

Resumo Rochas de idade neoproterozóica da Formação Prosperança, cobertura sedimentar da porção sul do Escudo das Guianas, são pobremente expostas quando comparadas com o registro paleozóico das bacias do Amazonas e Solimões. A Formação Prosperança consiste em conglomerados, arenitos arcosianos e pelitos que preenchem grábens no embasamento. Esta unidade é sotoposta por rochas carbonáticas da Formação Acarí (Neoproterozóico), observada apenas em subsuperfície, que agrupadas, representam o embasamento sedimentar das bacias paleozóicas produtoras de óleo da Amazônia. A precisa caracterização e reconstrução paleoambiental da Formação Prosperança são essenciais para a distinção entre unidades do embasamento sedimentar e paleozóicas. A análise estratigráfica foi realizada na região do baixo rio Negro, Estado do Amazonas. A Formação Prosperança consiste em quatro associações de fácies que foram interpretadas como produto de um sistema flúvio-deltaico: prodelta/lacustre, frente deltaica, foreshore/shoreface e planície braided distal. Camadas tabulares de pelitos distribuídos por quilômetros sugerem uma bacia sedimentar de provável origem lacustre/mar restrito. Lobos deltaicos complexamente estruturados foram alimentados por distributários braided que migravam para SE. Arenitos gerados sob condições de fluxo oscilatório/combinado são compatíveis com depósitos de face litorânea. Arenitos com estratificação cruzada e planar estão relacionados com a migração de dunas subaquosas associadas a processos fluviais braided. Camadas lenticulares de conglomerados e arenitos com estratificação cruzada e planar, de possível idade paleozóica, sobrepõem a Formação Prosperança erosivamente. Essas camadas são produtos de um sistema fluvial braided proximal que migrava para NW, sentido inverso dos valores de paleocorrentes dos arenitos Prosperança. Palavras-chave:Escudo das Guianas, Formação Prosperança, sistema flúvio-deltaico. Abstract Paleoenvironment of Prosperança Formation, neoproterozoic basement of Amazonas Basin. The Neoproterozoic Prosperança Formation represents a sedimentary cover of southern Guyana Shieldand is poorly exposed when contrasted with Paleozoic record of Amazonas and Solimões basins. Conglomerates, arkosic sandstones and mudstones are the characteristics deposits filling basement grabens. This unit is overlain unconformably by neoproterozoic carbonate rocks of Acarí Formation (observed only in cores). These formations represent the sedimentary basement of oil producing Paleozoic basins of the Amazon region. The precise characterization and paleoenvironmental reconstruction of Prosperança Formation are important for their distinction from Paleozoic units. Stratigraphic analysis was carried out at lower Negro River, State of Amazonas. Four facies associations were interpreted as products of a fluvial-deltaic system: prodelta/lacustrine, delta front, foreshore/ shoreface and distal braided plain. Mudstones distributed along several kilometers suggest a sedimentary basin probably of lacustrine/restricted sea origins. ...

Ponta Negra Beach is located on the banks of the Rio Negro, in the city of Manaus, state of Amazonas, Brazil. In 2012, a revitalization of the beach was carried out, with emphasis on the construction of an artificial beach landfill, in order to perpetuate the population's access to the beach throughout the hydrological year. This work resulted in the formation of several irregularities throughout the terrain, such as cavities, plumbing and pipes exposed on the surface, and sudden cavities between shallower and deeper parts of the bed. These problems have resulted in several fatalities since the opening of the landfill. Given these questions, this study aimed to assess the changes that occur on the beach surface, through analysis of sediments, topography and space, as a result of the construction work, for a period of two to three years, and thus, to identify the cause of these problems to understand what failures occurred in the construction of the landfill that led to the formation of these irregularities. The results showed that the grounded sediments from the artificial beach are being transported more easily by the force of the river and the rains because they are finer sediments than those of the natural beach, intensifying the erosion rates and resulting in the generation of ravines and depressions along the entire beach, being responsible for the movement of sandy mass of the ladfill and in the formation of the irregularities found. This study proves that the anthropic relationships interfered in the natural processes that act on the beach's morphology, warning the importance of serious previous studies in the execution of works with landfills and their continuous maintenance