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ABSTRACTObservations are reported of the morphology and processes on debris slopes in Home Bay and northern Cumberland Peninsula regions of east Baffin Island. The area is blockfaulted, heavily glaciated Precambrian gneiss and migmatite. The climate is marine Arctic.Accumulations range from debris mantles on bedding plane slopes, through conical and sheet talus, to slopes on which snow avalanche or water flow has modified features. The classification of Rapp is extended to encompass these forms. Other features include protalus debris accumulations, and "talus rock glaciers." Most slopes are planar-concave, with mean unconstrained angles in the range 30 to 38? (mode at 32 to 33?): few slopes appear to be near failure. Size gradation of material occurs downslope: size distribution of material also changes, with Rosin-type distributions near the top and log-normal distributions farther down. Below the surface is a matrix of fines. Size distributions of rock lichens suggest that activity on these debris slopes has been greater in the recent past than at present.Observations of material delivery and slope stability at Ekalugad Fiord reveal that rockfall is the primary rock delivery mechanism, though dirty snow avalanches are also significant. Rock release appears to be associated principally with the seasonal "freeze-burstthaw" cycle in water-filled joints and fractures. Material is transferred and rearranged on the slope by impact scattering, creep and settlement, and minor slumps and slides.A concluding discussion compares observations from east Baffin Island with the assumptions and results of models for debris glope development. process on glacially bared surfaces in the eastern mountains. In this paper, "debris slope" means any slope upon which rock clasts have accumulated by mass-wasting processes.The paper describes debris slopes in several areas of east-central Baffin Island (see Figure 1) and provides a summary of their morphometric and sedimentological variability. Attention is then given to a more detailed study of debris accumulation near the head of Ekalugad Fiord (68052'N, 69030'W). Finally, a discussion is presented of the significance of the field results in the light of recently proposed modes of debris slope formation.
M. CHURCH ETAL. / 371This content downloaded from 195.78.The character and extent of debris accumulation depend upon the efficacy of a set of rock release mechanisms, and...
The persistent underdevelopment of health in the Third World belies the optimism of the "Health care for all by the year 2000" campaign. In order to understand the underdevelopment of health, it is essential to examine the historical evolution of specific health systems. These ideas are developed in a case study of health care in Kano State, Nigeria. The nature and contemporary development of the health care system, which includes state voluntary agency and private sector outlets for Western scientific medicine and a large and varied traditional medicine sector, are examined. Although the deepening health care crisis may potentially spur a reconsideration of priorities and strategies, past experience suggests that a stubborn retention of a pared-down and increasingly unjust version of the present system is more likely.
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