authors request that the sequence shown in Fig. 2 of the original report should be corrected as follows. As shown schematically here in Fig. 1 A, nucleotides 1452-1504 of the original report have to be replaced by a novel sequence shown here in Fig. 1B. This correction pertains to the 5Ј-flanking region of the gene and does not affect the coding region nor any of the conclusions drawn in the original report. The fact that there was a missing sequence element was discovered and pointed out to us by Tracy L. Bale in the laboratory of Daniel M. Dorsa, Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle. As illustrated in Fig. 1 A, the novel sequence has to be inserted at the location of a dinucleotide repeat, (GT) 26 , located 89 nucleotides 5Ј to the main transcriptional initiation site. Resequencing of a newly generated phage subclone as well as Southern blot and PCR analyses (not shown) confirmed that the sequence presented here is indeed part of the genomic sequence. Since this novel sequence element is itself flanked by two dinucleotide repeats, (GT) 20 and (GT) 24 , respectively, a likely explanation is that this segment was spliced out during subcloning due to recombination between the two dinucleotide repeats. This idea is further supported by the fact that dinucleotide repeats that have the potential of forming Z-DNA structures have been shown to enhance recombination in extrachromosomal DNA up to 20-fold (1). Despite the recurrence of dinucleotide repeats around chromosomal rearrangement breakpoints, their role in mediating recombination on intact chromosomes remains, however, uncertain (2).We thank Tracy L. Bale and Daniel M. Dorsa for pointing out the error and for their help and collaboration in its correction. Fig. 3, A and C, are of (M ϩ 33H) 33ϩ .17. Mariman, E. C. M., Broers, C. A. M., Claesen, C. A.
The dispersion and loss in microstructured fibers are studied using a full-vectorial compact-2D finite-difference method in frequency-domain. This method solves a standard eigen-value problem from the Maxwell's equations directly and obtains complex propagation constants of the modes using anisotropic perfectly matched layers. A dielectric constant averaging technique using Ampere's law across the curved media interface is presented. Both the real and the imaginary parts of the complex propagation constant can be obtained with a high accuracy and fast convergence. Material loss, dispersion and spurious modes are also discussed.
Simultaneous measurements of NOx (NO + NO2), NO, and O3 production in a laboratory discharge show that within the uncertainties of the experiment, all of the NOx produced was NO, and no detectable enhancement of O3 after the discharge was observed. The laboratory experiments described gave an NO production rate of 5 ± 2 × 1016 molecules joule−1 for a 105 ‐ 106 joules m−1 spark. Assuming that the global dissipation of lightning energy is about 10−8 joules cm−2 s−1 (Dawson, 1980; and Hill et al., 1980), our NO production rate results in a global source of NO due to lightning of about 1.8 Mt(N)/yr, which is considerably lower than earlier estimates. This lower value for NOx production by lightning suggests that NOx emissions from anthropogenic sources, estimated to be at least 20 Mt(N)/yr, may be the dominant source of NOx to the global troposphere. Furthermore, since most of the anthropogenic sources of NOx are located in the Northern Hemisphere, this new interpretation of the relative source strengths of this species favors a highly skewed asymmetric distribution of NOx.
In this paper, we compare three analysis methods for Bragg fibers, viz. the transfer matrix method, the asymptotic method and the Galerkin method. We also show that with minor modifications, the transfer matrix method is able to calculate exactly the leakage loss of Bragg fibers due to a finite number of H/L layers. This approach is more straightforward than the commonly used Chew's method. It is shown that the asymptotic approximation condition should be satisfied in order to get accurate results. The TE and TM modes, and the band gap structures are analyzed using Galerkin method.
A finite-difference frequency-domain (FDFD) method is applied for photonic band gap calculations. The Maxwell's equations under generalized coordinates are solved for both orthogonal and non-orthogonal lattice geometries. Complete and accurate band gap information is obtained by using this FDFD approach. Numerical results for 2D TE/TM modes in square and triangular lattices are in excellent agreements with results from plane wave method (PWM). The accuracy, convergence and computation time of this method are also discussed.
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