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difference, which is an order of magnitude greater than that predicted by K-V systematics. Thls unexpected 6% change is greater than the variations in K observed for the entlre compositional range of blg-Fe solid solution in many oxides and silicates (2).T h e observed dependence of K on Mg-

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VAS data suggest that intramuscular piriformis injection with 100 units of botulinum toxin type A can reduce pain to a greater extent than similar injections with vehicle alone.

Objectives. This study examined whether pretreatment self‐efficacy and pre‐ to post‐treatment changes in self‐efficacy predict post‐treatment tender point index, disease severity, pain, and physical activity. Methods. One hundred nine subjects with fibromyalgia were assessed before and after a 6‐week training intervention. Measures included tender point index, physician ratings of disease severity, the visual analog scale for pain, the Physical Activities subscale of the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales, and the Arthritis Self‐Efficacy Scale. Results. Pretreatment self‐efficacy significantly predicted post‐treatment physical activity, with higher selfefficacy associated with better physical activity outcome. Changes in self‐efficacy significantly predicted post‐treatment tender point index, disease severity, and pain; improvements in self‐efficacy were associated with better outcomes on each measure. Conclusions. Higher levels of self‐efficacy are associated with better outcome, and may mediate the effectiveness of rehabilitation‐based treatment programs for fibromyalgia.

Abstract. We report the discovery of a layer of enhanced water vapor in the Arctic summer mesosphere that was made utilizing two new techniques for remotely determining water vapor abundances. The first utilizes Middle Atmosphere High Resolution Spectrograph Investigation (MAHRSI) OH measurements as a proxy for water vapor. The second is a reanalysis of Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) water vapor data with a technique to simultaneously determine polar mesospheric cloud (PMC) ice particle extinction along with the water vapor abundance. These results reveal a narrow layer of enhanced water vapor centered between 82-84 km altitude and coincident with PMCs, that exhibits water vapor mixing ratios of 10-15 ppmv. This indicates that a higher degree of supersaturation is present in the PMC region, and that PMCs are thus more efficient at sequestering total water (both ice particles and vapor) within the layer, than previously believed.

It is well known and demonstrated that interference spectroscopy offers capabilities to obtain passive remote optical sensing spectra of high precision and also achieves economies in size, cost, and ease of deployment compared with more conventional systems. We describe the development of a near-ultraviolet spatial heterodyne spectrometer designed for remote sensing of the global distribution of the hydroxyl radical OH in the Earth's middle atmosphere. The instrument, known as SHIMMER (Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals), is expected to obtain its first OH measurement from space in early 2002 from the Space Shuttle.

We also find that inside the polar winter vortex, while the strength of tropical latent heat forcing and planetary wave drag influence the descent rate, both horizontal mixing and the methane photochemistry play important roles in determining the CH4 mixing ratio. Finally, we suggest that the observed interhemispheric asymmetry in the seasonal cycle of mesospheric H20 may be linked to larger values of Kzz in the southern winter mesosphere. This represents a key difference between mesospheric and stratospheric tracer transport. In the stratosphere, greater net unmixed descent in the southern hemisphere directly translates into lower tracer values relative to the northern hemisphere, while mesospheric tracer transport shows the opposite behavior.