The essential oil of ylang-ylang was fractionated by distillation and column chromatography, and 17 compounds were isolated in pure form and identified by using spectroscopic methods. The volatile, oxygenated, and hydrocarbon fractions were analyzed, and 52 compounds were identified as far as possible by GC-MS, IR, and and 13C NMR. Among them, -cedrene, a-amorphene, 7-bisabolene, and -, 7-, and -cadinols were tentatively identified. 7-Muurolene and (E,£)-farnesyl acetate were conclusively identified for the first time in ylang-ylang. The biogenetical relations of the new sesquiterpene hydrocarbons identified are discussed.

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13C NMR chemical shifts are given for germacrene‐D, α‐humulene, δ‐cadinene, ε‐cadinene and γ‐muurolene isolated from Ylang Ylang (Cananga odorata, forma genuina) essential oil.