The main purpose of this study is to understand the historical importance of the formation of indigenous villages in Sertão da Farinha Podre (current regions of Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaíba in the State of Minas Gerais). These villages were created from the reunion of different indigenous groups from the Portuguese America in a delimited territory. The starting point of the historical process that culminated in the emerging of these villages occurred in the middle of the 18 th century when that region was the South Kayapó indians' site for habitation and displacement. With the delimitation of the Goiases Way by the Anhanguera expedition and with the discovery of auriferous and diamantiferous mines there was an inflow of nonindians to the territory of Goiás. Because of that, the Kayapó indians started to perform a series of attacks on the non-indians resulting in death, fire, destruction and stealing of objects and provisions. After countless frustrated attempts, Antonio Pires de Campos, an inland explorer, was hired to combat the Kayapós. His army of indians was composed of Bororo and Paresi that were displaced from Cuiabá surroundings. The war strategy which was idealized by the colonial authorities and by the inland explorer consisted in creating indigenous villages between Grande River and Paranaíba River (both in Sertão da Farinha Podre) along the Goiases Way. The indigenous villages were cores that permitted the indians to create a new identity through a process of dynamic and cultural exchange among their inhabitants, but in 1780 these villages became less important to the non-indians when groups of South Kayapó indians were settled in Maria I, in the territory of Goiás. At the beginning of the 19 th century there was a continuous process of spoliation of the land that belonged to the settled indians because of the sesmarias concession and the occupation of the non-indians that came mainly from the west and mid-west regions of Minas Gerais. The war and the indigenous villages may be understood from the current Indian Culture Support policy during the colonial period but also from the relation between structure and event proposed by Marshall Sahlins. The relation between History and Anthropology also occurred from the application of the circumstantial evidence paradigm and from the use of the ethnographic projection method. Both practices were important to understand the archival sources from the 18 th and 19 th centuries which were the basic material for the research.
The main objective of this thesis is to analyze/discuss the "openness" of six Jê peoples-Akroá, Xakriabá, Gueguê, Xavante, Timbira and Southern Kayapó-, to the others, in this particular case, to the White people or Portuguese-Brazilian, in regions of the current "Planalto Central do Brasil" (Central Brazil Highlands) in the 18th century. To write this paper, I basically used archival sources which were produced by the Portuguese Crown agents and stowed at Ultramarino Historical Archive. The texts were read according to the evidential paradigm, besides making use of specialized literature and but also from the relation between structure and event proposed by Marshall Sahlins. The openness which was desired by the Jê peoples could be noticed both in the practice of warlike incursions and within the alliances, and it must be understood taking account of issues related to Indigenous and Indigenist policies.
Em meados do século XVIII, a expansão dos luso-brasileiros afetou os povos Jê que viviam nos sertões de Goiás e do Piauí. Para tentar conter as incursões guerreiras indígenas, a Coroa portuguesa contratou Antônio Pires de Campos e Antônio Gomes Leite visando a prática de guerras, assim como seus pactos e a criação de aldeamentos a partir da iniciativa particular, ou seja, dos sertanistas. Dessa forma, a partir dos indícios das fontes e da literatura especializada, discutimos as práticas desses homens e dos soldados indígenas que capitaneavam. Sustentamos a tese de que suas ações, para além da busca das mercês prometidas, tiveram papel direto no genocídio, na conquista de territórios e na gestão do trabalho indígena via administração; e indireto, na expansão e na consolidação das fronteiras portuguesas a partir de Goiás e de Mato Grosso.
Este artigo busca analisar o projeto idealizado pela Coroa portuguesa iniciado em meados do século XVIII no antigo Sertão da Farinha Podre - atuais regiões do Triângulo Mineiro e parte do Alto Paranaíba - que consistiu na criação de aldeamentos e no deslocamento de indígenas para estes núcleos, cuja função primordial foi promover a guerra aos Kayapó do sul. O tema ainda é pouco estudado e o artigo visa contribuir com estudos que tratam da questão fundiária e da formação da população triangulina e do Alto Paranaíba. Para tal propósito, foram utilizadas obras produzidas por historiadores e antropólogos, além de fontes arquivísticas e relatos de viajantes do século XIX. Com o aldeamento dos Kayapó do sul em Maria I, em Goiás, a partir de 1780, esses aldeamentos estabelecidos no Sertão da Farinha Podre entraram em decadência. Entre o fim do século XVIII e início do século XIX, ocorreu a expansão geralista cujo contato com os índios aldeados mostrou-se violento e conflituoso, tendo como ponto principal desse processo a expulsão dos indígenas e a espoliação das terras dos aldeamentos.
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