As reported in current research, many if not most freshmen and sophomores in colleges and universities who are declared as well as undeclared about their academic majors express uncertainty about their careers and lack the level of involvement in the career development process (especially self-assessment, career exploration, and career decision making) necessary to make educated career decisions. This research study, using both quantitative and qualitative research processes, identifies and examines differences and similarities in career uncertainty and in levels of involvement in the career development process between declared and undeclared college students.

As societal norms continue to evolve, it is not altogether clear what constitutes proper interviewing etiquette today. With a sample of 290 recruiters across three industry segments (business, education and social services, and science and technology), the present study sought to determine what interviewing etiquette practices recruiters value. Among a pool of 20 items, our findings highlight that recruiters most highly value being on time for the interview, shaking hands properly, and exhibiting a neat and professional appearance. At the same time, there was a fair amount of variability in recruiters' values regarding handwritten thank you notes, the use of slang, and exhibiting tattoos. Furthermore, there were significant differences across the three industry segments.