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Perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and management of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery ACC/AHA S1.4-8 Non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes AHA/ACC S1.4-9 Heart failure ACC/AHA S1.4-10 ST-elevation myocardial infarction ACC/AHA S1.4-11 Device-based therapy for cardiac rhythm abnormalities ACC/AHA/HRS S1.4-2 Coronary artery bypass graft surgery ACC/AHA S1.4-12 Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ACC/AHA S1.4-13 Percutaneous coronary intervention ACC/AHA/SCAI S1.4-14 Guidelines for CPR and emergency cardiovascular care-part 9: post-cardiac arrest care AHA S1.4-15 Other related references Expert consensus statement on cardiovascular implantable electronic device lead management and extraction HRS S1.4-16 Management of cardiac involvement associated with neuromuscular diseases AHA S1.4-17 Expert consensus statement on magnetic resonance imaging HRS S1.4-18 Eligibility and disqualification recommendations for competitive athletes with cardiovascular abnormalities: Task Force 9: arrhythmias and conduction defects ACC/AHA S1.4-19 Expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and treatment of postural tachycardia syndrome, inappropriate sinus tachycardia, and vasovagal syncope HRS S1.4-20 Expert consensus statement on the recognition and management of arrhythmias in adult congenital heart disease PACES/HRS S1.4-21 Expert consensus statement on the use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy in patients who are not included or not well represented in clinical trials HRS/ACC/AHA S1.4-22 Expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of arrhythmias associated with cardiac sarcoidosis HRS S1.4-23 Cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy ESC S1.4-24 Expert consensus statement on pacemaker device and mode selection HRS/ACCF S1.4-25 Expert consensus statement on the state of genetic testing for the channelopathies and cardiomyopathies HRS/EHRA S1.4-26 Expert consensus statement on the management of cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) in patients nearing end of life or requesting withdrawal of therapy HRS S1.4-27 Recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part III: intraventricular conduction disturbances: a scientific statement AHA/ACCF/HRS S1.4-28 Recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part V: electrocardiogram changes associated with cardiac chamber hypertrophy: a scientific statement

Electrophysiologic and pharmacologic properties, including sensitivity to adenosine, are similar for RVOT and LVOT arrhythmias. Despite disparate sites of origin, these data suggest a common arrhythmogenic mechanism, consistent with cyclic AMP-mediated triggered activity. Based on these similarities, these arrhythmias should be considered as a single entity, and classified together as "outflow tract arrhythmias."

Patients with outflow tract arrhythmias can be differentiated based on the subtype of arrhythmia. However, the observation that approximately 50% of patients with NSVT and approximately 5% of patients with PVCs have inducible sustained ventricular tachycardia that behaves in an identically unique manner to those who present with sustained ventricular tachycardia (e.g., adenosine-sensitive) suggests that rather than representing distinct entities, outflow arrhythmias may be considered a continuum of a single mechanism.

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