ABSTRACT1. Acropora cervicornis (staghorn coral) and Acropora palmata (elkhorn coral), once common features of shallow Caribbean reefs observed growing as large stands or thickets, are now found mainly as remnant pockets or isolated colonies at a fraction of their historical areal extent.2. In February 2010, a large, surviving population of A. cervicornis was surveyed at Cabezos del Cayo, Punta Rusia, Dominican Republic to document its present condition and potential threats to its persistence.3. The A. cervicornis surveyed at Cabezos del Cayo provides a rare glimpse of the habitat structure that these keystone components of coral reefs once provided. The staghorn population covers an area of 2 ha and is formed by interlocking skeletons of unusually large and thick A. cervicornis colonies.4. The large size of its colonies (maximum branch length 250 cm; average linear length of live tissue 471 cm; maximum number of branch tips 141 per colony; maximum branch diameter 5 cm) and the complex open canopy of these colonies, have not been described, to our knowledge, in the recent literature.5. The site is within Montecristi National Park but there is no active protection in this area and signs of overfishing are evident based on low fish abundance and complete lack of fish 420 cm in length.6. The stressors associated with this population include significant predation by gastropods and fireworms, overgrowth by macroalgae, damselfish 'gardening' activities, and white band disease.7. The management priority for the staghorn population at Cabezos del Cayo, Dominican Republic, should be to enforce the legal framework that is already in place for the protection of Montecristi National Park, limiting unsustainable and damaging fishing practices, and limiting land-based sources of pollution associated with increasing population numbers and future coastal development.

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In contrast with other contemporary urban elites, relatively few wealthy Philadel phians in the late eighteenth rentury married first cousins, and these marriages led to the forma tion of divisions among the wealthy rather than to social integration. These divisions and the social conflict which resulted from them were often strengthened by an emerging trend of rich Philadel phians marrying affinal kin. Philadelphia's religious norms, pluralistic social and political en vironment, changing business atmosphere, and latitudinarian marriage practices accounted for these patterns. The patterns, in turn, were part of a shift by wealthy Philadelphians toward "modern" family arrangements, based on affection, individualism, and voluntarism.

Languagethe words we usecan play a key role in enabling or limiting transformation of inequalities in the field of global health. At the same time, given the interdisciplinary, intersectoral, and international nature of much global health work, intended meanings, commitments, and underlying values for words used cannot be taken for granted. This commentary sets out to clarify, and in this manner render available for further discussion and debate, the phrase 'critical and ethical global engagement' (CEGE). It derives from discussions between scholars and partners in research, education, and healthcare practice based at one Canadian and two Rwanda institutions. Initially, our aim was to conceptualise the term 'critical and ethical global engagement' in order to guide our own practices. As the complexity of the values, commitments, and considerations underlying our use of this phrase emerged, however, we realised these discussions merited being captured and shared, to facilitate further exploration and exchange on this phrase.

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