The double aorta artifact was described and studied thoroughly twenty-five years ago. Despite this, it is still not commonly known today and can cause diagnostic difficulty. Total aortic duplication can be considered an anatomic defect whilst partial duplication mimics aortic dissection. In the literature, this artifact has been compared with a very rare anomaly, i.e. the occurrence of two aortas in one patient. Currently, however, the differentiation of this artifact from abdominal aortic dissection seems to be of greater significance. The double aorta image occurs when ultrasound waves encounter prismatic fat tissue of the anterior abdominal wall. This artifact is more frequently observed in children and athletic young adults since the structure of this anatomic region in these individuals is conductive to the occurrence of this phenomenon. Moreover, it can be observed more often when curved transducers are used. Due to all these factors, an ultrasound beam undergoes greater refraction and make the artifact clearer. This phenomenon is usually easily recognizable and avoidable, but it sometimes might cause diagnostic difficulty. Obtaining an image of double abdominal vessels on ultrasound examination in transverse sections requires further inspection of the aorta in a different (sagittal) plane. This is not always possible due to poor patient preparation for scanning. Symmetrical flow on Doppler sonography is a typical feature of this artifact. Finally, magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography can be considered to rule out a pathology.
Aim: The present paper attempts to find the risk factors for hypotension suffered by patients in the postoperative period taking into account the following aspects: gender, type of anaesthesia, ASA score, type of surgery, and time after surgery when it is likely to be at its lowest. Material and methods: The main method used in the study was to analyze the medical records regarding patient data in the perioperative period. Patients had their mean arterial pressure (MAP) measured and documented in the Intensive Care Chart. Information on the type of surgery and choice of anesthesia was obtained from the Anaesthesia Records. Eighty patients participated in the study. Results: There was no clear correlation between the gender of the patients and the decrease in blood pressure. Hypotonia occurred in the 8th hour after surgery in both men and women in the study group. It was observed that in subjects under 80 years of age, hypotonia occurs mainly in the 8th hour after the procedure, while in older subjects – after 12 hours following surgery. The type of procedure affects the occurrence of hypotonia. In patients undergoing general and epidural anaesthesia, the highest decreases in mean arterial pressure values were observed 8 hours after surgery compared to other methods of anaesthesia. The ASA classification proved useful in predicting the incidence of hypotonia; in Class 4 patients, it was pronounced and persisted for 12 hours after surgery. Conclusions: It cannot be conclusively stated which factors most influence the occurrence of hypotension in patients after surgery.
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