Studies toward determining the relative merits of the Strong Vocational Interest Blank versus an expression of vocational interest are reviewed. The paper is directed to those in applied work using vocational interest methods and to those who might do further study of the methods. Topics included are (a) terminology, (&) correspondence between the SVIB and expressed interests, (c) reliability, (d) validity, (e) problems of experimental design, (/) conclusions, and (g) implications for counseling.

The predictive and concurrent validity of the Strong Vocational Interest Blank (SVIB-M) was studied in a 12-year follow-up of a university counseling center group of college-graduate and graduate-student male subjects. Two classification methods were used to tabulate the validities. Excellent predictive validity was evidenced by the SVIB-M for somewhat less than one-half of the subjects. Poor predictive validity was apparent for approximately one-third of the subjects. These findings were compared to, and generally consistent with, the findings of other studies. The concurrent validity of the SVIB-M was equal to or less than the predictive validity findings. Having the SVIB-M interpreted at the time of the original testing was not related to the predictive accuracy of the SVIB-M. Job satisfaction was not related to being in an occupation which was appropriate for the subject according to the SVIB-M. Some implications of these findings were discussed.

An assessment method originated by Tyler is modified and extended. Supplementary comments on the administration of the technique are included. Through the sorting of occupational title cards, the method elicits client attitudes and information regarding occupations as well as views that the client holds pertaining to himself. A rationale drawn from Kelly's Personal Construct Theory is described that places the Tyler method within a broader conception of the vocational counseling process. This process involves the identification and clarification of possible motives for choosing occupations, followed by a reduction of the number of motives that the client would attempt to satisfy with his vocational choice.

The Tyler Vocational Card Sort (TVCS) and the Strong Vocational Interest Blank for men (SVIB-M) were completed by 67 university students in 1965. The 1975 occupations held by 47 of these subjects were identified. The TVCS was more accurate than the SVIB, by a very small amount, in predicting occupation held 10 years after original testing; both methods achieved about 50% accuracy. Of the 47 subjects, 23 took the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory (SCII) 10 years after the original testing. The reliability of the SVIB (1965) scores and the SCII (1975) scores was greater by a very small amount than that of the SVIB (1965) and the TVCS (1975) scores and that of the TVCS (1965) and TVCS (1975) scores.

A communications analysis of the filmed interview between Fritz Perls and Gloria, along the lines of Haley's (1958) "The Art of Psychoanalysis." (There are a number of similarities between the interactional processes in gestalt therapy and psychoanalysis.) Perls' seeming lack of interest in the interpersonal processes in the interview plus his intentional attempt to frustrate the client are major influences on the observed patterns of communication. Many aspects of the interaction seemed puzzling to Gloria because Perls often ignored what she said and rapidly changed the topic. The influence of Perls' personal idiosyncrasies plus apparent shortcomings and blind spots in the gestalt therapy theory are pointed out.