The data suggest that Gd(DTPA)(2-)-enhanced MR imaging has potential for monitoring glycosaminoglycan content of cartilage in vivo.

No abstract

Sarcopenia-defined as significant loss of muscle-is associated with cachexia and frailty. Specific diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia continue to evolve, but imaging can play a role in the detection and quantification of muscle depletion. Emerging evidence indicates that sarcopenia is a relevant predictor of quality and quantity of life, particularly in patients who are elderly, have cancer, or undergo surgery.

Background/Objective: There is increasing use of computed tomography (CT) in sarcopenia research using a wide variety of techniques. We performed a systematic review of the CT literature to identify the differences between approaches used. Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed from 1983 to 2017 was performed to identify studies that used CT muscle measurements to assess muscle mass and myosteatosis. The CT protocols were evaluated based on anatomic landmark(s), thresholding, muscle(s) segmented, key measurement (ie, muscle attenuation, cross-sectional area, volume), derived variables, and analysis software. From the described search, 657 articles were identified and 388 studies met inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Results: Muscle mass was more commonly assessed than myosteatosis (330 vs. 125). The most commonly assessed muscle or muscle groups were total abdominal wall musculature (142/330 and 49/125 for muscle mass and myosteatosis, respectively) and total thigh musculature (90/330 and 48/125). The most commonly used landmark in the abdomen was the L3 vertebra (123/142 and 45/49 for muscle mass and myosteatosis, respectively). Skeletal muscle index and intermuscular adipose tissue were the most commonly used measures of abdominal wall muscle mass (114/142) and myosteatosis (27/49), respectively. Cut points varied across studies. A significant majority of studies failed to report important CT technical parameters, such as use of intravenous contrast and slice thickness (94% and 63%, respectively). Conclusions: There is considerable variation in the CT approaches used for the assessment of muscle mass and myosteatosis. There is a need to develop consensus for CT-based evaluation of sarcopenia and myosteatosis.

The treatment of articular cartilage injuries remains a challenge because cartilage has a limited capacity for spontaneous repair. Over the past decade, a number of surgical interventions have been developed to produce a durable repair. This article reviews the available treatment options, including their indications, technique, and clinical results, and illustrates the MR imaging appearance of normal repair sites and postoperative complications.

MR imaging and US provide means of direct finger pulley system evaluation.

No abstract

S APHO is an acronym for an increasingly recognized syndrome of synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis. This syndrome has attracted extraordinary attention in Western Europe and Japan, with the publication of more than 100 scientific papers on the SAPHO syndrome during the past decade. Although relatively little has been written in the American radiology literature about the SAPHO syndrome, the radiologist plays a key role in its early, correct, and definitive diagnosis. The recently described SAPHO syndrome is considered by most authorities to be a type